GI

Question 1

Crohn disease

Answer 1

• extending from mouth to anus (mostly ileum and colon), rectum spared
• perianal disease
• skip lesions
• non caseating
• gross: transmural inflam, linear mucosal ulcerations, cobblestoning, creeping fat

prolonged diarrhea and abdominal pain.

• Diarrhea can be bloody if the colon is involved. Constitutional symptoms (eg, low-grade fever, fatigue), malabsorption, and weight loss
• Transmural inflammation of the bowel wall may result in the formation of fistulas and fibrotic strictures, causing bowel obstruction
• Fistulas can form between 2 adjacent loops of bowel (enteroenteric fistula), between the bowel and another organ (eg, bladder, vagina), or between the bowel and skin of the abdominal wall (enterocutaneous fistula). Perianal fistulas and abscesses are also often seen.

Question 2

Ulcerative colitis

Answer 2

presents with bloody diarrhea associated with abdominal pain and tenesmus
- Fistula formation does not usually occur as inflammation is confined to the mucosa and submucosa

• rectum (always) and colon
• continuous lesions
• no granulomas
• mucosal and submucosal inflam
• pseudopolyps
• bloody diarrhea
  Toxic megacolon

Question 3

Mesenteric adenitis

Answer 3

• most often occurs in children age 5-14.
• associated with Yersinia enterocolitica infection.
• ## Clinical manifestations may include fever, right lower quadrant abdominal pain, and nausea/vomiting, but fistulas are not characteristic.

Question 4

Pseudomembranous colitis

Answer 4

caused by Clostridium difficile infection and presents with diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever in a patient who has recently been hospitalized or treated with antibiotics. Fistulas are not typically seen.

Question 5

Cirrhosis

Answer 5

• nonspecific sx (anorexia, fatigue, muscle cramps)
• jaundice and pruritus
• upper gi bleeding, enceph,