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PrepU Questions > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

What is the test used for Celiac Disease

A

Immunoglobulin A endomysial Antibody and IgA tTG antibody

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2
Q

What does Charcot’s triad refer to

What are they

A

Cholangitis

Fever, RUQ pain, Jaundice

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3
Q

RUQ pain, fever, N/V, pain referred to scapula, Murphy’s sign is positive
What is it

A

Acute Cholecystitis

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4
Q

How does Biliary Colic present

A

1-5 hours of RUQ pain that is constant and may radiate to scapula and back. Pain usually occurs hours after a meal, frequently at night, awakens patient from sleep

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5
Q

What are side effects of Niacin

What is it used for

A

Used for lowering TRG levels and low HDL levels

Causes Flushing, hyperuricemia, hyperglycemia, hepatotoxicity, acanthosis nigricans, and gastritis

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6
Q 
15 month old with abdominal discomfort, emesis, passage of bloody mucous per rectum
Sausage shaped mass in upper abdomen
Increased bowel sounds
What is it
Treatment
A

Intussusception - Telescoping of intestine upon intself

Tx: Air will confirm dx and treat it

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7
Q

What is the name and class of a drug to treat Crohn’s Disease

A

Infliximab

TNF-Alpha Inhibitor

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8
Q

What do you see on Xray in small bowel obstruction

What do you see on Xray in large bowel obstruction

A

Small Bowel: Air Fluid Levels

Large Bowel: Enhanced Haustria

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9
Q

What is the test of choice for Lactose Intolerance

A

Hydrogen Breath Test

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10
Q

What are pathogens that cause infectious diarrhea and bloody stools

A

Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, Yersinia, invasive strains of E.Coli

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11
Q

What drug most likely interacts with PPI’s

A

Methotrexate

PPI may decrease the excretion of methotrexate

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12
Q

What is the treatment for Diverticulitis

A

Hospitalization, bowel rest (NPO), IV fluids, broad spectrum antibiotics with anaerobic coverage

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13
Q

Which drug used for GERD provides both sx relief and promotes healing

A

PPI’s

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14
Q

What is Misoprostol used for

A

It can treat and prevent ulcers
Commonly used in conjunction with NSAIDS, as NSAIDS tend to be very bad for gastric mucosa
Though PPI’s are first choice because they are used 1x/day whereas Misoprostol is 4x/day and more side effects

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15
Q

Why does Crohn’s disease typically present with non-GI sx (like joint pain or fractures)

A

Crohn’s Disease affects all layers of small and large intestine, so is associated with malabsorption and vitamin deficiencies, so can lead to osteoporosis

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16
Q

Diarrhea will lead to what type of metabolic disorder

Vomiting will lead to what type of metabolic disorder

A

Diarrhea: Metabolic Acidosis (popping all the bicarb out)
Vomiting: Metabolic Alkalosis (vomiting all the acid out)

17
Q

What is the most sensitive test for Pancreatitis

A

ERCP

Can reveal dilated ducts, stones, pseudocysts or strictures

18
Q

What are features of Ulcerative Colitis

A

Starts in rectum, moves up
Associated with bloody diarrhea, LLQ pain
Affects Mucosa and Submucosa only
Colonoscopy shows uniform inflammation: sandpaper appearance

19
Q

What are features of Crohn’s Disease

A

Can occur anywhere from mouth to anus
Associated with non-bloody diarrhea, RLQ pain
Transmural
Colonoscopy shows skip lesions, Cobblestone apperance
Associated with perianal disease, fistulas, strictures, abscesses, granulomas

20
Q

What are the two most common causes of pancreatitis

A

Gallstones or Alcohol

21
Q

What are sx of Diverticular disease

Dx

A

Left abdominal pain and intermittent diarrhea
LLQ guarding and tenderness, palpable mass, no peritoneal signs, no fever
Dx: CT scan of abdomen with IV oral contrast followed by broad spectrum abx (Augmentin or Quinolone-metronidazole combination)

22
Q

RUQ pain that radiates to scaupla
Fever
Icteric sclerae, jaundice, and RUQ tenderness and Epigastric tenderness
Labs: ALT, AST, Alkaline Phosphatase, Serum Bilirubin and WBC are all elevated
Ultrasound shows dilated bile ducts
What is it

A

Cholangitis

23
Q

What is Grey Turner Sign
What does it indicate

What is Cullen’s Sign

A

Bruising along flanks due to retroperitoneal bleeding
Acute Pancreatitis

Cullen’s sign is bluish discoloration or bruising around umbilicus

24
Q

Painless rectal bleeding is what

A

Internal Hemorrhoids

25
Q

Where is Achalasia located

What is the best dx choice

A

Distal 2/3 of Esophagus
Barium reveals esophageal dilation, loss of peristalsis, and bird’s beak appearance
Confirmation of dx is made with esophageal manometry

26
Q

What is the most common type of inguinal hernia

A

Indirect

27
Q

Inflamed gums, petechiae, rough dry skin, anemia, imparied wound healing
What is it? What vitamin is lacking?

A

Scurvy

Vitamin C deficiency

28
Q

What pathogen is responsible for foul-smelling bulky stools/diarrhea that may wax and wane over weeks before resolving

A

Giardia

PrepU Questions (7 decks)

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