GI

Question 1

P! enlargement of parotid salivary glands (parotitis), testicular swelling in males (orchitis)
Rubulavirus
Vaccine has almost erradicated in industrialized world

Answer 1

Mumps

Question 2

Viral Gastroenteritis
fecal-oral
NO VOMITTING

Answer 2

Astrovirus

Question 3

Mild cases asymptomatic, m. pain and weakness, facial swelling around eye
Trichinella spiralis
Undercooked pork
aka Trichinellosis, NOT common in US`

Answer 3

Trichinosis

Question 4

Viral Gastroenteritis
fecal-oral
MC cause of infantile gastroenteritis

Answer 4

Rotavirus

Question 5

Watery diarrhea, cramps, N/V
Escherichia coli 0157:H7
Fecal-oral undercooked beef or unpasteurized milk/fruit juice
MCly causes a GI infection (of everything it could cause, it likes this best)

Answer 5

Traveler’s Diarrhea (bacterial gastroenteritis)

Question 6

Tapeworm Infestation Organsim(s):
Most are asymptomatic, weight loss
Undercooked contaminated beef or pork
Beef or Pork tapeworm

Answer 6

Taenia saginata (beef)
Taenia solium (pork)

Question 7

Abdominal cramps and watery diarrhea, NO fever nor N/V
Clostridium perfringens
Contaminated meat
<24 hours

Answer 7

Clostridial food poisoning

Question 8

Viral Gastroenteritis
Fecal oral, esp. oysters
90% of viral gastroenteritis; #1 cause of foodborne illness in the US, emerging

Answer 8

Norovirus (Calicivirus)

Question 9

Jaundice, plays a role in triggering liver cancer
HDV
Bodily fluids, contaminated needles
Requires HBV co-infections so called a satellite virus

Answer 9

Hepatitis D

Question 10

Jaundice, fatal in 20% of pregnant women
HEV
Fecal-oral, seafood, pigs, cows, unclean water
aka Enteric hepatitis

Answer 10

Hepatitis E

Question 11

Tapeworm Infestation Organsim(s):
80% asymptomatic, weight loss, megaloblastic anemia
Raw or undercooked fish
aka diphyllobothriasis

Answer 11

Diphyllobothrium lactum

Question 12

Most asymptomatic
Ascariasis lumbricoides
Eggs are ingested in water or on veggies
MC nematode infection of humans worldwide, and largest to infect humans

Answer 12

Ascariasis

Question 13

Chronic infection with few if any symptoms
HCV
Needles, Organ transplants, transfusions, sexual activity
Accounts for most non-A, non-B hep. in the US

Answer 13

Hepatitis C

Question 14

Most asymptomatic, Jaundice, associated with liver cancer
HBV
Infected needles, intercourse, babies during birth
Co-infection with Hep D. inc. risk of perma liver damage

Answer 14

Hepatitis B

Question 15

Tapeworm Infestation Organsim(s):
Hydatid cysts can form in any organ, but primarily occur in the liver
food/water contaminated by dog feces
canine tapeworm

Answer 15

Echinococcus granulosus

Question 16

Cold sores
HHV-1 sometimes 2
Close contact with active lesions
Latent in trigeminal ganglia

Answer 16

Oral herpes

Question 17

Jaudice
HAV
fecal-oral
aka Infectious Hepatitis, resistant to common household disinfectants

Answer 17

Hepatitis A

Question 18

Mild food poisoning
Bacillus cereus
Rice dishes cooked and held at warm temp for hours
aka Fried Rice syndrome, only a few cases a year

Answer 18

Bacillus cereus food poisoning

Question 19

“Rotten egg” smelling stools
Giardia intestinalis (previously G. lamblia)
aka Beaver Fever; common waterborne GI disease in US

Answer 19

Giardiasis

Question 20

Inflam of intestinal tract, sometimes mimics appendicitis
Yersinia enterocolitica
Contaminated pork
Tends to prefer kids

Answer 20

Yersinia food poisoning

Question 21

90% of amebiasis cases are what kind

Answer 21

Luminal amebiasis

Question 22

Severe diarrhea, HA, m. p!, severe fluid and weight loss
Cryptosporidium parvum
Fecal oral via contaminated water
aka Cyptosporidium enteritis

Answer 22

Cryptosporidiosis

Question 23

Bloody and frequent diarrhea (10x/day for 7-10 days)
Campylobacter jejuni
Contaiminated Poultry MC
MC cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in the US

Answer 23

Campylobacter Diarrhea (bacterial gastroenteritis)

Question 24

Intense perianal itching (esp at night) 1/3 of cases asymptomatic
Enterobius vermicularis
Females deposit eggs in perianal region at night, easily spread on bedding, from person to person after scratching
MC parasitic worm in US, common in children

Answer 24

Pinworm infestations

Question 25

Cramps, watery diarrhea, myalgia, fever, AIDS patients more severe Cyclospora cayetanensis Outbreaks have been linked to raspberries

Answer 25

Cyclosporiasis

Question 26

What organism causes amebiasis

Answer 26

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 27

Abdominal cramps, fever, diarrhea, purulent bloody stools Shigella sonnei, S. flexneri, S. dysenteriae, S. boydii Fecal-oral, contaminated hands/cold foods and salads aka Bacillary Dysentery; Shiga toxin; Sonnei 2/3, Flexneri 1/3

Answer 27

Shigellosis (bacterial gastroenteritis)

Question 28

``` "Rice-water stool" Vibrio Cholerae Fecal-Oral via food/water Only Vibrio in freshwater MC Vibrio to infect humans ```

Answer 28

Cholera (bacterial gastroenteritis)

Question 29

N/V, diarrhea, cramping Staph. aureus Contaminated food

Answer 29

Staphylococcal food poisoning

Question 30

Ground itch at site of larvae penetration, chronic anemia, iron, and protein deficiencies Necator americanus; Ancylostoma duodenale Usually penetrate skin of foot 2nd MC nematode affecting humans worldwide

Answer 30

Hookworm infections

Question 31

``` Abdominal p! Helicobacter pylori Fecal-oral transmission P! relieved by food-duodenal P! exacerbated by food-gastric ```

Answer 31

Peptic Ulcer

Question 32

After approx 1 year, worm forms a blister on skin, generally on the foot which breaks open Dracunculus medinesis Water infected with copepods aka Guinea worm disease, traditional tx involves winding worm out on a stick

Answer 32

Dracunculiasis

Question 33

Nonbloody diarrhea, N/V myalgia Salmonella enterica enteritidis, Salmonella enterica typhimurium Contaminated eggs, poultry, milk

Answer 33

Salmonellosis: Salmonella food poisoning (acute bacterial gastroenteritis)

Question 34

What kind of amebiasis causes necrotic lesions in various organs

Answer 34

Invasive extraintestinal amebiasis

Question 35

What kind of amebiasis causes sever hiarrhea, colitis, appendicitis

Answer 35

Invasive amebic dysentery

Question 36

Inflam of colon with formation of pseudo-membranes Clostridium difficile Extremely common opportunist after taking antimicrobials, Common nosocomial infection Life threatening peritonitis from massive internal infection by fecal bacteria

Answer 36

Pseudomembranous colitis (bacterial gastroenteritis)

Question 37

Fever, HA, m. p!, bacteremia can lead to peritonitis Salmonella enterica typhi, S. e. paratyphi Contaminated food/water Typhoid Mary

Answer 37

Salmonellosis: Typhoid Fever (enteric fever)

Question 38

What kind of amebiasis is asymptomatic

Answer 38

Luminal amebiasis