GI

Question 1

failure of lower esophageal sphincter to relax in response to swallowing and absence of peristalsis in the body of the esophagus?

Answer 1

Achalasia

Question 2

Triad of symptoms occurs with what disease?

• Cervical esophageal web
• Mucosal lesions of mouth and pharynx
• Iron-deficiency anemia

Answer 2

Plummer-Vinson syndrome

Question 3

What are 2 complications of Plummer-Vinson syndrome?

Answer 3

Carcinoma of the oropharynx and upper esophagus

Question 4

Risk factors for SCC of esophagus?

Answer 4

Chronic ETOH
Tobacco use
Diets lacking in fresh fruits
Exposure to aniline dyes
Chronic esophagitis
Congenital disorders of esophagus

Question 5

Diffuse atrophic gastritis with antibodies to parietal cells and intrinsic factor, increased serum gastrin due to G-cell hyperplasia and pernicious anemia?

Answer 5

Autoimmune gastritis

Question 6

No true tumor mass is found within the stomach, but the stomach wall is thickened and firm–giving leather bottle appearance on imaging.

Answer 6

Diffuse adenocarcinoma of the stomach

Linitis plastica–when entire stomach involved

Question 7

Enlarged rugae accompanied by a severe loss of plasma proteins?

Answer 7

Menetrier disease

Question 8

What causes menetrier disease in children?

Answer 8

CMV

Question 9

What causes menetrier disease in adults?

Answer 9

Overexertion of TGF-a

Question 10

Tumor derived from pacemaker cells of Cajal and micro shows spindle cells with vacuolated cytoplasm?

Answer 10

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor–GIST

Question 11

Foreign bodies in stomach that are composed of food or hair that have been altered by the digestive process?

Answer 11

Bezoars

Trichobezoar–hair–rapunzel syndrome (Eat hair)

Question 12

AD disorder characterized by intestinal hamartomatous polyps and mucocutaneous melanin pigmentation?

Answer 12

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

Question 13

Small, sessile mucosal excrescences that have exaggerated crypt architecture and are found frequently in the rectum?

Answer 13

Hyperplastic polyp

Question 14

Polyp with smooth surface and contains a stalk?

Answer 14

Tubular adenoma

Question 15

Polyp found in the rectosigmoid region that is large, broad-based elevated lesions that display a shaggy, cauliflower-like surface and are most likely to undergo malignant transformation?

Answer 15

Villous adenoma

Question 16

Inflammatory disease of the large intestine characterized by chronic diarrhea and rectal bleeding–has pattern of remission and exacerbations and extends from rectum, proximally–limited to the rectum and colon?

Answer 16

Ulcerative colitis

Question 17

Pts with ulcerative colitis are at an increased risk of developing _______.

Answer 17

Adenocarcinoma

Question 18

Characterized by inflammation and obliterative fibrosis of intrahepatic and extra hepatic bile ducts–Beaded biliary tree due to sporadic strictures is seen on imaging study?

Answer 18

Primary sclerosing cholangitis

Question 19

Pts with primary sclerosing cholangitis usually have a hx of ______.

Answer 19

Ulcerative colitis

Question 20

Transmural, chronic inflammatory dz that may affect any part of the GI tract–occuring mostly in the distal small intestine and occasionally the right colon?

Answer 20

Crohn disease

Question 21

Fecal impaction causing necrosis of the mucosa?

Answer 21

Stercoral ulcer