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Derm-Physical Diagnosis > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Order of GI exam

A

Inspect
Auscultate
Percuss
Palpate

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2
Q

Normal bowel sounds

A

Tympanitic

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3
Q

Effect of inspiration on liver and spleen position

A

Moves them downward

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4
Q

On what side of the patient do you stand during the GI exam

A

Right side

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5
Q

AAA size

A

> 3cm diameter

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6
Q

Striae

A

Large purple colored stretch marks seen in Cushing’s disease & steroid use

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7
Q

Large normal colored stretch marks

A

Pregnancy
Weight gain
Rapid growth

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8
Q

Dark line of pigmentation during pregnancy

A

Linea nigra

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9
Q

Normal venous flow

A

upwards above umbilicus and downwards below umbilicus

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10
Q

Caput medusae indication

A

IVC/portal venous obstruction

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11
Q

SVC obstruction

A

Shunt blood downward

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12
Q

Separation of rectus abdominis muscle

A

Diastasis recti (ridge when they lift head up in supine position)

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13
Q

Free intraperitoneal fluid

A

Acites

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14
Q

Suprapubic buldge

A

Full bladder
Tumor mass
Pregnancy

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15
Q

Increased visible peristaltic activity

A

Intestinal obstruction/gastroenteritis

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16
Q

Pulsations

A

AAA

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17
Q

Surgical incisions

A 
Subcostal
Median
Left paramedic
Gridiron (McBurney's pt.)
Transverse
Pfannenstiel (hysterectomy)
18
Q

Hyperactive gastric sounds

A
  • Gastroenteritis
  • Early intestinal obstruction
  • Peritonitis
  • Borborygmi
19
Q

High pitched tinkling bowel sounds

A
  • Mechanical obstruction

* intestinal fluid under pressure

20
Q

Hypoactive bowel sounds

A
  • Peritonitis

* Paralytic ileus

21
Q

Normal liver size

A

6-12cm

22
Q

Hepatomegaly

A
  • Congestive heart failure
  • Cirrhosis
  • Hepatitis
  • Abcess
  • Tumor
  • Cyst
23
Q

T/F; acites fluid flows to dependent part of abdominal cavity

A

True

24
Q

Test for acites

A
  • Shifting dullness
  • Fluid wave
  • Succussion splash
25
Q

How to get rid of free abdominal fluid

A

Paracentesis

26
Q

Splenomegaly

A
  • Mononucleosis
  • other infections
  • hematologic disorders
  • Cirrhosis w/ portal HTN
  • cysts
  • hypersplenism
27
Q

Upper abdominal refles

A

T7-T9

28
Q

Lower abdominal reflex

A

T11-T12

29
Q

Cremasteric reflex

A

T12-L2

30
Q

Common site of pain on palpation for diverticulitis

A

LLQ

31
Q

Explosive excruciating pain

A
  • Coronary occlusion
  • Biliary colic
  • Ruptured viscus (peptic ulcer/bowel)
  • Ruptured aneurysm
  • Renal colic
32
Q

Severe constant pain

A
  • Acute pancreatitis
  • Bowel strangulation
  • Mesenteric thrombosis
33
Q

Gradual onset steady pain

A
  • Acute cholecystitis
  • Acute appendicitis
  • Diverticulitis
  • PID
34
Q

Intermittent colicky pain

A
  • Subacute pancreatitis

* Mechanical small bowel obstruction

35
Q

Tests for acute appendicitis

A
  • Rebound tenderness
  • Rovsing’s sign
  • Psoas sign
  • Obturator sign
  • Rectal exam
36
Q

Psoas sign technique

A
  • Raise right knee against resistance (tenses iliopsoas)

* pt lying on left side, hyper-extend right thigh (stretches iliopsoas)

37
Q

Obturator sign technique

A

right FADIR (stretches obturator)

38
Q

On what side do you do Rovsing’s sign

A

Left, pain on right

39
Q

Test for liver inflammation

A

Murphy’s sign

40
Q

Murphy’s sign techique

A
  • indirect percussion

* Palpation under costal margin and pt takes a deep breath

41
Q

Alternate murphy’s sign

A

Hook of left thumb under right costal margin and take a deep breath- sudden cessation of inspiration = cholecystitis or liver inflammation

Derm-Physical Diagnosis (6 decks)

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