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2018 Final > GI 2018 final > Flashcards

GI 2018 final Flashcards

1
Q

what is a consequence of increase production of short chain fatty acid?

A

Answer: increase fatty acid oxidation by hepatocytes

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2
Q

A women presenting with symptoms of nausea, vomiting & jaundice. her husband who came back from india?(not sure which country) has the same symptoms. he ate shellfish/oyster. what is the diagnosis?

A. IgG for Hepatitis B (core)?antigen

B. igM for Hepatitis A

C. lgM for Hepatitis C

D. lgG for Hepatitis D

Not sure of the options

A
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3
Q

Cause of traveller’s diarrohea

A

enterotoxinogenic

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4
Q

How does norovirus spread?

A. person to person

B. foodborne

C. waterborne

D. blood

A

A

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5
Q

How to manage a chronic carrier of enteric fever?

A. vaccine

B. cholecystectomy

C. chemoprophylaxis

A

B

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6
Q

What is the rationale behind Quadruple therapy of peptic ulcer?

A. Reduce the cost

B. Decrease fatal adverse effects

C. Decrease emergence of resistance species

D. Decrease drug-drug interactions

A

C

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7
Q

What is the MOA of scopolamine to treat motion sikness?

A. activation of dopamine D1 receptor

B. activation of opoid receptor

C. antagnism the muscarinic receptor

D. reducing the basal activity of CB1 receptor

A

C

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8
Q

What is the cause of malnutrition in inflammatory bowel disease

A. Anorexia caused by inflammatory cytokines

B. Malabsorption due to altered gut microflora

C. Intestinal loss due to obstruction

D. Dietary restriction due to steroids use

A

A

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9
Q

A question that has a patient with a white pseudomembrane that can be scraped off, which stain do we use to identify the causative agent?

A

PAS stain

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10
Q

A lady with scleroderma presented with dry eyes and dry mouth had bilateral enlargement of the parotid gland, what is the mechanism?

A. metabolic

B. autoimmune

A

B

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11
Q

A 45 year old chronic alcoholic presented with a sudden onset of massive hematemesis with bright red color and no previous episodes. What is the most likely etiology of his hematemesis?

A. Barret’s esophagus

B. Reflux esophagitis

C. Squamous cell carcinoma

D. Esophageal varices

A

D

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12
Q

Biopsy describing h pylori (curved bacilli)

What stain is used to help diagnose?

A. Warthin starry

B. Silver

C. PAS

D. ZN stain

A

A

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13
Q

Disease causes many duodenal and stomach ulcers may result from cancer in which area?

A. esophagus

B. gastric antrum

C. gastric fundus

D. duodenal

E. pancreas

A

D & E (but D is more correct)

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14
Q

A patient with recurrent hospital admissions for ulcers, didn’t respond to anti-ulcer meds. What is the most likely cause of this presentation?

A

antral carcinoma

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15
Q

30-year-old man presented with malaise, fever, and jaundice for 2 weeks. On examination, the physician noticed needle tracks on his left arm and murmur of mitral regurgitation. He was positive for HBsAg, HBV DNA, and IgG anti-HBc. He was lost to follow up. 2 years later, he presented to the emergency department with hematemesis and ascites.

What do you think will happen?

A. Fully recovers with proper treatment

B. Have another bout of hematemesis and die

C. Hepatocellular adenoma

D. Stop alcohol intake

E. Reversible liver steatosis

A

B

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16
Q

What is pathognomonic of Crohn’s disease? / What helps in the differentiation between Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis?

A

Non-necrotizing granuloma

17
Q

A lady had an accident and got her left mandible fractured and the left hypoglossal nerve injured. What will be the effect?

A. deviation of the uvula to the right

B. deviation of the tongue to the left upon protrusion

A

B

18
Q

blood and infectious fluid from the appendicular area will be collected in which recess in a person setting upright?

A. suphrenic recess

B. hepatorenal recess

C. rectouterine recess

D. vesicouterine recess

E. subhepatic recess

A

C

19
Q

A tumor is found in the quadrate lobe of the liver. Which vessel is clamped to reduce bleeding complications?

A. Right hepatic vein

B. Left hepatic vein

C. Comman hepatic vein

D- Portal vein

A

D

20
Q

which of the following cells is characterized by secretory zymogen granules?

a) enteroendocrine cells
b) chief cells
c) parietal cells
d) mucous cells

A

B

21
Q

What is the main feature of enterocytes that is important for its primary function?

A

Apical microvilli

22
Q

what artery traverses the ischioanal fossa?

A. poterior scrotal artery

B. perineal artery

C. inferior rectal artery

D. middle rectal artery

A

C

23
Q

what causes receptive relaxation of the stomach?

A. NE

B. VIP

C. somatostatin

D. gastrin

A

B

24
Q

Which of the following factors is responsible for the copious secretions of the salivary gland?

A. NE and NO by sympathetic

B. NE and Ach by ANS

C. Ach and VIP by parasympathetic

D. Ach and NE by sympathetic

A

C

25
Q

A manometer is inserted into a patient’s mouth passing through the pharynx, UES, esophageal body, and LES. What are the pressure readings?

A. 0 - > 50 › 0 > 30

B. 50 > 30 -> 0 -> 0

C. 0> 30 > 0 > 50

A

A

26
Q

During which digestive phase, enzymes and bicarbonate rich fluid are secreted into duodenum?

A. Basal

B. Cephalic

C. Gastric

D. Intestinal

A

D

27
Q

A question about Intestinal type gastric carcinoma (try to know the differences between intestinal type and diffuse type gastric carcinoma)

A
28
Q

Patient was given 100 ml of glucose her blood glucose increased, she was then given 200 ml of galactose with no change in her blood glucose level

A

lack of lactase enzyme in the enterocyte brush border

(I think the question is supposed to mention lactose instead of galactose)

29
Q

What is the process of transport of di and tri peptides along the enterocyte?

A. Primary active transport.

B. Secondary active transport

C. Tertiary active transport (co-transport with Ht)

A

C

30
Q

A 52-year-old patient with history of heartburn presents with progressive dysphagia solids but not liquids over 1 year.

A. Diffuse esophageal spasm

B. Esophageal (Schatzki) ring

C. Peptic stricture

A

C

31
Q

A colonoscopy was done to a female who had an 8mm pedunculated polyp in the ascending colon. The polyp was excised, it was adenomatous and showed tubular structure. When should be the next surveillance colonoscopy?

A. 1 year

B. 3 years

C. 5 years

D. 10 years

A

C

32
Q

What is the gold standard for colorectal cancer?

A. Colonoscopy

B. Fecal occult blood test

A

A

2018 Final (4 decks)

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