GI 2018 final

Question 1

what is a consequence of increase production of short chain fatty acid?

Answer 1

Answer: increase fatty acid oxidation by hepatocytes

Question 2

A women presenting with symptoms of nausea, vomiting & jaundice. her husband who came back from india?(not sure which country) has the same symptoms. he ate shellfish/oyster. what is the diagnosis?

A. IgG for Hepatitis B (core)?antigen

B. igM for Hepatitis A

C. lgM for Hepatitis C

D. lgG for Hepatitis D

Not sure of the options

Question 3

Cause of traveller’s diarrohea

Answer 3

enterotoxinogenic

Question 4

How does norovirus spread?

A. person to person

B. foodborne

C. waterborne

D. blood

Answer 4

A

Question 5

How to manage a chronic carrier of enteric fever?

A. vaccine

B. cholecystectomy

C. chemoprophylaxis

Answer 5

B

Question 6

What is the rationale behind Quadruple therapy of peptic ulcer?

A. Reduce the cost

B. Decrease fatal adverse effects

C. Decrease emergence of resistance species

D. Decrease drug-drug interactions

Answer 6

C

Question 7

What is the MOA of scopolamine to treat motion sikness?

A. activation of dopamine D1 receptor

B. activation of opoid receptor

C. antagnism the muscarinic receptor

D. reducing the basal activity of CB1 receptor

Answer 7

C

Question 8

What is the cause of malnutrition in inflammatory bowel disease

A. Anorexia caused by inflammatory cytokines

B. Malabsorption due to altered gut microflora

C. Intestinal loss due to obstruction

D. Dietary restriction due to steroids use

Answer 8

A

Question 9

A question that has a patient with a white pseudomembrane that can be scraped off, which stain do we use to identify the causative agent?

Answer 9

PAS stain

Question 10

A lady with scleroderma presented with dry eyes and dry mouth had bilateral enlargement of the parotid gland, what is the mechanism?

A. metabolic

B. autoimmune

Answer 10

B

Question 11

A 45 year old chronic alcoholic presented with a sudden onset of massive hematemesis with bright red color and no previous episodes. What is the most likely etiology of his hematemesis?

A. Barret’s esophagus

B. Reflux esophagitis

C. Squamous cell carcinoma

D. Esophageal varices

Answer 11

D

Question 12

Biopsy describing h pylori (curved bacilli)

What stain is used to help diagnose?

A. Warthin starry

B. Silver

C. PAS

D. ZN stain

Answer 12

A

Question 13

Disease causes many duodenal and stomach ulcers may result from cancer in which area?

A. esophagus

B. gastric antrum

C. gastric fundus

D. duodenal

E. pancreas

Answer 13

D & E (but D is more correct)

Question 14

A patient with recurrent hospital admissions for ulcers, didn’t respond to anti-ulcer meds. What is the most likely cause of this presentation?

Answer 14

antral carcinoma

Question 15

30-year-old man presented with malaise, fever, and jaundice for 2 weeks. On examination, the physician noticed needle tracks on his left arm and murmur of mitral regurgitation. He was positive for HBsAg, HBV DNA, and IgG anti-HBc. He was lost to follow up. 2 years later, he presented to the emergency department with hematemesis and ascites.

What do you think will happen?

A. Fully recovers with proper treatment

B. Have another bout of hematemesis and die

C. Hepatocellular adenoma

D. Stop alcohol intake

E. Reversible liver steatosis

Answer 15

B

Question 16

What is pathognomonic of Crohn’s disease? / What helps in the differentiation between Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis?

Answer 16

Non-necrotizing granuloma

Question 17

A lady had an accident and got her left mandible fractured and the left hypoglossal nerve injured. What will be the effect?

A. deviation of the uvula to the right

B. deviation of the tongue to the left upon protrusion

Answer 17

B

Question 18

blood and infectious fluid from the appendicular area will be collected in which recess in a person setting upright?

A. suphrenic recess

B. hepatorenal recess

C. rectouterine recess

D. vesicouterine recess

E. subhepatic recess

Answer 18

C

Question 19

A tumor is found in the quadrate lobe of the liver. Which vessel is clamped to reduce bleeding complications?

A. Right hepatic vein

B. Left hepatic vein

C. Comman hepatic vein

D- Portal vein

Answer 19

D

Question 20

which of the following cells is characterized by secretory zymogen granules?

a) enteroendocrine cells
b) chief cells
c) parietal cells
d) mucous cells

Answer 20

B

Question 21

What is the main feature of enterocytes that is important for its primary function?

Answer 21

Apical microvilli

Question 22

what artery traverses the ischioanal fossa?

A. poterior scrotal artery

B. perineal artery

C. inferior rectal artery

D. middle rectal artery

Answer 22

C

Question 23

what causes receptive relaxation of the stomach?

A. NE

B. VIP

C. somatostatin

D. gastrin

Answer 23

B

Question 24

Which of the following factors is responsible for the copious secretions of the salivary gland?

A. NE and NO by sympathetic

B. NE and Ach by ANS

C. Ach and VIP by parasympathetic

D. Ach and NE by sympathetic

Answer 24

C

Question 25

A manometer is inserted into a patient's mouth passing through the pharynx, UES, esophageal body, and LES. What are the pressure readings? A. 0 - \> 50 › 0 \> 30 B. 50 \> 30 -\> 0 -\> 0 C. 0\> 30 \> 0 \> 50

Answer 25

A

Question 26

During which digestive phase, enzymes and bicarbonate rich fluid are secreted into duodenum? A. Basal B. Cephalic C. Gastric D. Intestinal

Answer 26

D

Question 27

A question about Intestinal type gastric carcinoma (try to know the differences between intestinal type and diffuse type gastric carcinoma)

Question 28

Patient was given 100 ml of glucose her blood glucose increased, she was then given 200 ml of galactose with no change in her blood glucose level

Answer 28

lack of lactase enzyme in the enterocyte brush border (I think the question is supposed to mention lactose instead of galactose)

Question 29

What is the process of transport of di and tri peptides along the enterocyte? A. Primary active transport. B. Secondary active transport C. Tertiary active transport (co-transport with Ht)

Answer 29

C

Question 30

A 52-year-old patient with history of heartburn presents with progressive dysphagia solids but not liquids over 1 year. A. Diffuse esophageal spasm B. Esophageal (Schatzki) ring C. Peptic stricture

Answer 30

C

Question 31

A colonoscopy was done to a female who had an 8mm pedunculated polyp in the ascending colon. The polyp was excised, it was adenomatous and showed tubular structure. When should be the next surveillance colonoscopy? A. 1 year B. 3 years C. 5 years D. 10 years

Answer 31

C

Question 32

What is the gold standard for colorectal cancer? A. Colonoscopy B. Fecal occult blood test

Answer 32

A