GI Flashcards
what is esophageal atresia?
partial or complete absence of the esophagus
Esophageal atresia is associated with tracheal-esophageal fistulas approximately 90% of the time
true/false
true
what is the sonographic appearance of esophageal atresia?
• absent or small fetal stomach
• usually associated with polyhydramnios & IUGR
• a C-shaped loop representing a closed bowel segment
• not always diagnosed prenatally because the fistula results in normal sized stomach & normal AFI
duodenal atresia is the obstruction of the 4th portion of the duodenum
true/false
false; 2nd portion
what is the sonographic appearance of duodenal atresia?
“double bubble” sign
dilated stomach & proximal duodenum
polyhydramnios
Echogenic bowel has a similar echogenicity to the liver
true/false
false; similar to bone
what could echogenic bowel be associated with?
intra-amniotic hemorrhage
meconium peritonitis
cystic fibrosis
chromosomal defects
what is meconium ileus?
obstruction & subsequent dilation of the ileum that occurs from impaction of the abnormally sticky, thick meconium
what is meconium?
dark green substance forming the first feces of a newborn
meconium ileus is found in patients with cystic fibrosis
true/false
true
what is the sonographic appearance of meconium ileus?
- usually apparent in third trimester
- difficult to distinguish from atresia of jejunum or ileum
- dilation of small bowel
- echogenic bowel
what is hirschsprung’s disease?
rare disorder of functional bowel obstruction
what is a symptom of hirschsprung’s disease?
newborn fails to pass bowel w/in first 48 hrs
what are the sonographic findings associated with hirschsprung’s disease?
multiple dilated loops of bowel
polyhydramnios
