GG+AOI: Unseen Extract, Language Flashcards
Allegory
Where the character often stand for abstract concepts in a narrative. Generally, they teach a lesson by means of an interesting story.
Allusion
A reference to something in literature, history, mythology, religious texts etc., considered common knowledge.
Ambiguity
A word, phrase, or statement which contains more than one meaning. Ambiguous words or statements lead to vagueness and confusion and shape the basis for instance of unintentional humour.
Analogy
A point by point comparison between two dissimilar things for the purpose of clarifying the less familiar, or a weakness of the character.
Anastrophe
The inversion of the usual order of words or clauses.
Antagonist
The character or force that opposes the protagonist.
Antithesis
When ideas contrast or oppose one another; a semantic contrast in a text. Often used for emphasis.
Archaism
A word that, over time, has fallen out of common usage.
Binary Opposites
Elements of a text that hold opposite ends of a notional scale.
Collocations
Words that, through usage, just naturally go together.
Colloquialism
The use of informal language.
Conceit
An elaborate figure of speech comparing two very dissimilar things.
Denotation
The precise literal meaning of a word, without emotional associations of overtones.
Epigram
Any witted, pointed saying.
Epigraph
A motto or quotation that appears at the beginning of a book.
Epitaph
A brief literary piece that sums up the life of a dead person.
Extended Metaphor
When a metaphor continues throughout a text with recurring references to the compared item.
Homonym
When one word has multiple meanings
Hyperbole
Deliberate over-exaggeration for effect.
Hypophora
When a rhetorical question is immediately followed by an answer in a text.
Irony
A contact between appearance and actuality.
Verbal Irony
A writer says one thing but means something entirely different.
Situational Irony
Occurs when something happens that is entirely different from what is expected.
Dramatic Irony
Occurs when the reader knows information that characters do not.
Lexis
Another word for the word.
Field Specific Lexis
The language in a certain area.
Lexical Bundle
A recurrent sequence of words or a collection of words that, through repetition of use, just naturally go together.
Lexical Set
The selection of relative lexemes from a text.
Monosyllabic Lexis
Words of one syllable.
Polysyllabic Lexis
Words of two or more syllables.
Litotes
Deliberate downplaying of things does effect.
Metonymy
A figure of speech that substitutes the name of a related object, person or idea.
Oxymoron
The use of apparently contradictory words in a phrase.
Paradox
A statement or situation containing obvious contradictions.
Parenthesis
An aside within a text created by sectioning off extra information between brackets, dashes or between two commas.
Pathetic Fallacy
When the environment or weather mirror the events in a novel.
Periphrasis
The use of indirect and circumlocutory speech.
Phonological Features
Any devises used that relate to sound.
Post-modification
A descriptive technique where the descriptive words come after the thing they are describing.
Pre-modification
A descriptive technique where the descriptive words come before the thing they are describing.
Protagonist
The central character in a story.
Satire
A literary technique in which foolish ideas or customers are ridiculed for the purpose of improving society.
Semantics
The meanings of words.
Symbolism
Using figurative and metaphoric language, items or incident in a way that means that certain things represent other things.
Synaesthesia
Language that is stimulative to the senses.
Synecdoche
A metaphor that states that something is only small constituent part of itself, even though we commonly understand otherwise, e.g. a new set of wheels - car
Gatsby:
Description that mimics Shakespeare, that adds pace to the novel.
Done to entice the reader, as many would not enjoy reading a novel about many unlikeable characters.
‘Daisy’s voice was full of money’
‘The fading glow on Jordan Baker’s face, like children leaving a pleasant street at dusk’
AoI:
Uses descriptive language that reads similar to Greek Literature.
This was very much a part of her culture
‘The suffused young slope of her breast to the line where it met a modest tulle tucker fastened with a single gardenia…dropped her eyes to the immense bouquet of lilies-of-the-valley on her knee’
‘In the cut of the dark blue celery gown rather than theatrically caught up under he bosom by a girdle with a large old-fashioned clasp’
