Getting Together

Question 1

sexual reproduction

Answer 1

joining together of male and female reproductive cells

Question 2

gametes

Answer 2

reproductive cells (sperm or ova) containing half the genetic information of normal cells

Question 3

sperm

Answer 3

male reproductive cell

Question 4

ova

Answer 4

female gametes or sex cells

Question 5

zygote

Answer 5

cell formed by the fusion of two gametes

Question 6

external fertilisation

Answer 6

reproduction where the eggs are released by the female into water and fertilised by sperm released nearby

Question 7

internal fertilisation

Answer 7

reproduction where the egg remains in the female and is fertilised by sperm inserted into the female

Question 8

copulation

Answer 8

the act of inserting sperm into the female

Question 9

sexual intercourse

Answer 9

act of inserting sperm into the female

Question 10

meiosis

Answer 10

cell division process that results in new cells with half the number of chromosomes of the original cell

Question 11

epigenetics

Answer 11

a new branch of science that involves studying the effect of our experiences on the expression of our genetic information

Question 12

nuclear DNA

Answer 12

genetic material passed on from both parents, from the nucleus of both the sperm and the ovum

Question 13

mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)

Answer 13

genetic material from the mitochondria, passed on only from the mother

Question 14

mtDNA

Answer 14

genetic material from the mitochondria, passed on only from the mother

Question 15

ejaculation

Answer 15

release of sperm

Question 16

semen

Answer 16

combination of fluid and sperm

Question 17

identical twins

Answer 17

twins developed from the same fertilised egg

Question 18

fraternal twins

Answer 18

twins developed from different fertilised eggs