Cell Makeup

Question 1

unicellular

Answer 1

describes an organism having only one cell

Question 2

multicellular

Answer 2

having many cells. Most plants and animals are multicellular.

Question 3

micrometre

Answer 3

a length of one millionth of a metre

Question 4

nano metre

Answer 4

a unit of measurement equal to one billionth of a metre

Question 5

nanotechnology

Answer 5

a rapidly developing field that includes studying and investigating cells and other objects of the smallest dimensions

Question 6

Prokaryotes

Answer 6

organism classified as belonging to the Prokaryote kingdom

Question 7

eukaryote

Answer 7

member of the group of organisms that has a membrane around the nucleus in each of their cells

Question 8

cell membrane

Answer 8

structure that encloses the contents of a cell and allows the movement of some materials in and out

Question 9

cytosol

Answer 9

the fluid found inside cells

Question 10

ribosomes

Answer 10

small structures within a cell in which proteins such as enzymes are made

Question 11

cytoplasm

Answer 11

the jelly-like material inside a cell.

Question 12

metabolism

Answer 12

the chemical reactions occurring within an organism that enable the organism to use energy and grow and repair cells

Question 13

binary fission

Answer 13

reproduction by the division of an organism (usually a single cell) into two new organisms

Question 14

Animalia

Answer 14

the kingdom of organisms that have cells with a membrane around the nucleus, but no cell wall, large vacuole or chloroplasts. ANIMALS

Question 15

plantae

Answer 15

the kingdom of organisms that have cells with a membrane around the nucleus, cell wall, large vacuole and chloroplasts, commonly called plants. PLANTS

Question 16

fungi

Answer 16

the kingdom of organisms, such as mushrooms and moulds, that help to decompose dead or decaying matter. FUNGI

Question 17

Protoctista

Answer 17

the kingdom of organisms, including algae and protozoans, that do not fit into other groups

Question 18

Prokaryotae

Answer 18

the kingdom of organisms that consist of single cells with a nucleus not surrounded by a membrane or a cell wall, commonly called bacteria

Question 19

mitochondria

Answer 19

small rod-shaped organelles that supply energy to other parts of the cell.

Question 20

chloroplasts

Answer 20

oval-shaped organelle found only in plant cells

Question 21

cellular respiration

Answer 21

the chemical reaction involving oxygen that moves the energy in glucose into the compound ATP.

Question 22

photosynthesis

Answer 22

the food-making process in plants that takes place in chloroplasts within cells

Question 23

chlorophyll

Answer 23

the green-coloured chemical in plants that absorbs the light energy used in photosynthesis to make food from carbon dioxide and water