getting somewhere finally

Question 1

key elements of the digital era:

Answer 1

Mass to Niche culture
Changes in ICT engagement (PUSH TO PULL MEDIA)
Convergence
Participatory culture

Question 2

what a personal computer does:
& its killer apps

Answer 2

general purpose machine:
has hardware and software
stores and processes data
business, education, and home user

killer apps: word processing, internet (world wide web, email)

Question 3

what is the internet?

Answer 3

Global network of ICTs: a network of networks that supports applications via protocols
Distributed network design: circuit and packing switching

Question 4

protocols

Answer 4

Standard “rules” that allow for communication across devices & networks
Developed by international institutions: edu, private, gov

Example: Domain Name System translates web domains
(amazon.com) into IP addresses (12.132.67)

Question 5

circuit switching

Answer 5

control centralized switch

Question 6

packet switching

Answer 6

control distributed across routers

Question 7

explain the pre-web internet –> three key points

Answer 7

it was a military development (ARPAnet)
there were bulletin board systems (BBS)
there were computer online services (WALLED GARDENS)

Question 8

ARPAnet

Answer 8

The U.S. Advanced Research Projects Agency Network was the first public packet-switched computer network

ARPANET’s main use was for academic and research purposes

Question 9

BBS

Answer 9

computerized system used to exchange public messages or files
first “virtual communities”

Question 10

walled gardens

Answer 10

an organization which keeps its technology, information, and user data to itself, with no intention of sharing it
example: Prodigy, AOL

Question 11

explain web 1.0 concerning technology (1990s) –> 4 key points

Answer 11

connects documents (www, web browsers with gui, open web vs walled gardens)
Dial-up ISPs
Privatization & Commercialization struggles
Search engines organize the Web

Question 12

explain web 2.0 concerning technology –> 5 key points

Answer 12

Connects People (participatory culture)
Read-only > Read-write
Broadband > Video
“Big Tech” companies emerge
Surveillance advertising business model

Question 13

explain web 3.0 concerning technology (2015) –> 4 key points

Answer 13

Connects everything
Internet of Things (IoT)
Semantic Web (Machine readable)
Algorithms and “Artificial Intelligence”