Gestation and Fetal Growth

Question 1

Cleavage

Answer 1

stage of gestation;

after fertilization the ZYGOTE will divide and redivide many times without any increase in cytoplasm

Question 2

Differentiation

Answer 2

stage of gestation;

the true period of the EMBRYO when the cells are in the process of forming specific organs in the body

Question 3

Fetal Growth

Answer 3

stage of gestation;

after differentiation, the conceptus is called a FETUS and it starts to grow and develop

Question 4

conceptus

Answer 4

embryo in uterus at early stages of pregnancy

Question 5

genetics

Answer 5

factor influencing fetal growth;

species, litter size, breed, genotype

Question 6

environment

Answer 6

factor influencing fetal growth;

mother (nutrition, size, parity/lactation), placenta (blood flow, size)

Question 7

fetal hormones

Answer 7

factor influencing fetal growth;

thyroid (skeletal and muscular development), insulin (placental growth), growth hormone (fetal growth)

Question 8

yolk sac

Answer 8

develops from coelom;
provides nutrients in early embryonic life until placenta is fully functional;
source of minerals, vitamins, fat (energy), cholesterol, and 1/2 the protein for the developing embryo

Question 9

allantois

Answer 9

develops from allantoic cavity;
supplies nutrients and oxygen to fetus and handles waste;
allows embryo to breathe (CO2 / O2 exchange);
absorbs albumen (proteins) to nourish embryo (mostly ovalbumin);
absorbs calcium from shell;
receives excretions from kidneys;
develops into umbilical chord

Question 10

amniotic cavity

Answer 10

develops from allantoic cavity;

amnion surrounds embryo and is filled with fluid to protect fetus from injury (airbag)

Question 11

chorion

Answer 11

develops from allantoic cavity;
membrane in contact with maternal uterine endometrium;
surrounds amnion and yolk sac;
develops into placenta