Geschiedenis Flashcards
Mesopotamia
Fertile area in the middle east, greek for “land between the rivers”
Silt
Soil that is carried by running water, such as rivers it can make grown fertile
Irrigation
Artificial way to spread water across farmland to make it fertile
Agricultural surplus
When farmers produce more food thank they can eat
Craft
The skill of making things by hand
Craftsmen
People who make products with their hands and tools
Bartering
Exchanging goods or services in exchange for other goods or services
Cities
Large towns
Civils
A highly developed society
Agricultural urban society
Society in which the majority of people live as farmers, while the minority live in cities
Sumerian
Relating to sumer, an ancient region of what is now Iraq
Cuneiform
Sumerian way of writing with symbols and lines
Hieroglyphs
Egyptian form of writing in which drawings are used instead of letters
Papyrus
A plant; the stems of this plant were used to write on
Rosetta stone
Tablet which was used to decipher Egyptian writing
Scribe
Someone who writes down laws and taxes for the government
Civil servents
People who work for the government
Taxes
Money or goods that people must pay to the king or government
Lingua franca
Language used by different people along with their own language, to communicate in trade and diplomacy
Delta
When a river flows into the sea, it spreads into smaller rivers and forms islands and wetlands
Lower Egypt
The norther part of Egypt
Upper Egypt
The southern part of Egypt; this area is called ‘upper’ Egypt because the land is higher
Dynasty
Line of rulers from the same family
Subjects
People who live in a country ruled by a king
Social pyramid
A way of showing different in power, wealth and influence of people with in a country
Polytheistic
Religion based on multiple gods
Monotheistic
Religion based on one God
Mummified
When a body is preserved after death; the Egyptians did this on purpose
Sarcophagus
Coffin in the shape of the decease
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Book of the dead
Bundle of texts that were given to Egyptians when they died; it was used to help them reach the afterlife
Pyramids
Large stone structures, built to help deceased pharaohs reach the afterlife
Valley of the kings
Series of tombs that are cut out of the mountains as Graves of pharaohs
Tutankhamun
A pharaoh that became famous after his grave was discovered in perfect order
