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Gerokinesiology > Gero Test 1 > Flashcards

Gero Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Biological Theories of Aging

A
  • Genetic
  • damage (free radicals cross linkage)
  • Gradual Imbalance
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2
Q

Predictors of Successful Aging

A
  • Genetics
  • health and social services
  • lifestyle choices and behaviors
  • psychological attributes
  • life events
  • socioeconomic status
  • physical and social environment
  • culture and gender
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3
Q

Psychological Theories

A

Heirchy of needs (self actualization, transendence)

  • psychological stages
  • selective optimization with compensation
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4
Q

Psychological determanints

A
  • intelligence
  • cognative capacity
  • self efficacy
  • self esteem
  • personal control
  • coping style
  • resillience
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5
Q

Sociological Theories

A
  • activity
  • continuity (involved in groups)
  • social/physical environment ( group ex social group with social support)
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6
Q

Physical Activity

A
  • major determinent of success
  • fitness vs premature death (body/mind)
  • spirit (aestetic experiences)
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7
Q

Physical Activity and Cognitive Function

A

-memory, attention, learning, goal setting, decision meeting, problem solving
-fit>unfit (=age)
-calcombe and kramer
executive controll tasks, controled procesing, visuospatial, sped, most improvement with executive control tasks

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8
Q

Strategies for PA promotion

A

-dissemination (newsletter)
-collaboration
-address barriers
-community based
maintain communication

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9
Q

CV chagnes

A
  • wall thickening (BV, left ventricle)
  • stiffness (aorta, arteries inc perif resis = inc BP)
  • increased size left atrium
  • Inc BP
  • inc TPR MAP
  • Hypertension
  • dec baroflexor response
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10
Q

Neuroendocrine

A
  • PNS slows down (ACH decHR)
  • SNS (norepineph inc HR)
  • dec sensitive to catecholamines (lower HRmax slower CV adaptations)
  • Long Warm UP and Cool Downs
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11
Q

CV Function

A
  • HR
  • Stroke volume (lowersw/age)
  • CO (Q=SVxR)
  • Arteriovenous O2 diff
  • blood distrib
  • VO2 max lowers 10% decade
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12
Q

FICK equation

A

VO2=QxO2 diff a-v

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13
Q

CVD

A
  • Coronary heart disease
  • Stroke (hemoragic/ischematic. Cerebral/peripheral. paralysis/hemiplegia)
  • HTN
  • Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PCTA)
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14
Q

CV Risk Factors

A
  • smilking
  • Htn
  • chol
  • inactivity
  • obesity
  • diabetes
  • genes
  • gender
  • age
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15
Q

PA and CV function

A
  • lower resting BP,HR,Q,TPR
  • strengthens resp musc
  • enhance O2 difusion, oxidation
  • inc BV
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16
Q

Respiratory changes

A 
Decreased
-alveolar SA
-small airways
-elastic recoil
Increased
-physiological dead space
-large airways
-chest wall stiffness
-work to breathe
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17
Q

Lung Funcion

A
  • Tidal volume reg rest breath
  • inspiratory reserve volume
  • expiratory reserve volume
  • residucal volume
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18
Q

Measures

A

-forced vital capacity FVC
-forced expiratory volume FEV1
FEV;FVC ratio
-peak flow meter

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19
Q

Respiratory diseases

A
  • asthma (obstruction, inflammation, reactivity
  • chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD
  • bronchitis
  • emphysema
  • symptoms
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20
Q

PA and Lung function

A
  • prevent declines
  • yoga tia chi (deep diaphrag breathing, inc elasticity)
  • water ex
21
Q

Adaptations for CVPA

A
  • longer warm up and cool down
  • rpe
  • lower intensities
  • intermittent
  • avoid temp extremes
22
Q

Musculoskeletal

A
  • sarcopenia/dynapenia
  • peak 20s/30s
  • dynamic loss>static loss
  • upper loss>lower loss
  • dec # of fibers, size type2, contract qual
  • inc 2b fib, ct, fat
  • less MU
  • less capilary BF
23
Q

Neuromuscular syatem

A

-inc 1rm 28-152%

24
Q

changes in muscle power

A

-dec 6-11% per decade

25
Q

Changes in bone density

A
  • 1%loss/yr 30-50
  • 2-3% yr post menopause
  • calcium reg hormones dec osteoclast activity
26
Q

osteoporosis

A
  • bmd <-2.5 SD

- factors smoking alcoholism EDs meds

27
Q

EX with osteoporosis

A

-wt bearing
-resist (progress slow, low wt)
-circuit intervals
-support
AVOID
-painzones wrist hands
-no ext spine flex/ext

28
Q

Diabetic neuropathy

A
  • balance hot/cold cut/blister/infec

- limit wt bear, foot care

29
Q

Neurological Function

A
  • fluid inelligence insuff O2, dec NTsyn, cereb metab

- main crystallized intelligence

30
Q

PA and Cognitive Function

A 
1Cerebral blood flow
-lower BP, chol, blood clots,  incr metab
2neuronal groth/survival
3neural efficiency
-all need for independence
31
Q

Changes in sensory and motor function

A 
DECREASED
-proprioception
-foot sensation
-vestibular function
-Slowed RT
INCREASED
-falls, postural instability
32
Q

Changes in Vision

A

-visual acuit
-peripheral vision
-glare
-dark
depth
-contrast

33
Q

Changes in Hearing

A
  • acuity
  • localization of sound
  • mask extraneous sounds
  • echoing
  • tinnitus
34
Q

Neuroligical Conditions

A

Parkinsons
-gait shuffle, protec from falls w/ex
Alzheimers
-balance, dementia, ex consistent w/patient

35
Q

Meds

A 
antidepressents/tranquilizers
-inc hr dec bp
nicotine
-inc hr bp
thyroid
-inc hr bp
alcohol
-chron inc bp
caffeine
-dep on sens
36
Q

pre exercise and health screening

A
  • identifies cliens at risk
  • current health and pa status
  • appropriate tests
  • programing info
37
Q

contraindicaions

A
  • relative or absolute
  • chest pain
  • short of breath
  • dizzy/fainting
  • ankle swelling
  • fast/irregular hr
  • intermittent claudication (leg pain)
  • heart murmer
  • undue fatigue
38
Q

risk factors for CVD CAD

A
  • sudden cardiac death w/ex
  • above 45
  • fam history
  • smoke
  • htn
  • dyslipidemia ad cholest
  • diabetes
  • obesity
  • sedentary
39
Q

Screening steps

A 
1 informed consent
2parq
3physician consent
4health history activity questionnaire
5 feedback and confidentiality
40
Q

informed consent

A
  • communication
  • information and consent
  • description
  • voluntary
  • confidentiality
  • med coverage
  • contact info
  • compreshension
  • legal obligation
41
Q

parq

A

sympt

  • cad
  • musculoskel
  • limitations
  • walkins
  • phys consent
    desc. endosement/denial
42
Q

health history and activity questionarre

A

-identify contraindications, risks, limitations
-additional info
ex activities, abilities, pref
risk of med emergencies/falls
-facilitates dev of program

43
Q

Feedback and Confidentiality

A

-share
-avd tech terms
-positive
-private
add screening tools
-bp
-bmi
-waist to hip
-waist circumference

44
Q

Lab based physiological assessments

A
  • CRF
  • Musc strength
  • body comp
  • balance
45
Q

CRF test

A
  • det independence, BADL ADL
  • ex presc/assessments
  • indep level- risk and baseline
46
Q

Direct CRF test

A
  • vo2 max is more accurate
  • more money
  • more risk
47
Q

indirect CRF test

A
  • submax vo2
  • less accurate
  • less money
  • less risk
  • 75% hr max
48
Q

CRF equiptment

A 
treadmill
-functional
cycle ergometer
-bp, work rate, upright/recumb
arm ergometer
-low/noambulation
-nustep
49
Q

Balance

A

-proprioception
-neuromuscula control
Measures
-static
-dynamic
-reactive postural control
-sensory integration/organization
Force plate, balance trainer

Gerokinesiology (2 decks)

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