Germination

Question 1

What is contained in the ovule after fertilisation?

Answer 1

A zygote

Question 2

What parts wither and fall off after fertilisation?

Answer 2

petals, sepals, stamens

Question 3

How is an embryo plant formed?

Answer 3

Zygote divides by mitosis

Question 4

What is the ovule known as after it contains an embryo plant?

Answer 4

A seed

Question 5

How is the seed made dormant?

Answer 5

Water is withdrawn from the seed. This means almost no metabolic reactions can occur

Question 6

What is the testa?

Answer 6

Protective coating around the outside of the seed.

Question 7

What is the hilum?

Answer 7

Scar from which the seed joined to the ovary wall

Question 8

What is the micropyle?

Answer 8

Tiny hole in the testa

Question 9

What does the plumule do?

Answer 9

Grows and becomes the primary shoot

Question 10

What does the radicle do?

Answer 10

Grows and forms the root

Question 11

Why is there a cotyledon in the seed?

Answer 11

To store starch and food

Question 12

Why is water needed for germination?

Answer 12

To activate enzymes so metabolic reactions can take place

Question 13

Why is oxygen needed for germination?

Answer 13

Aerobic respiration to release energy to help with growth

Question 14

Why is a suitable temperature needed for germination?

Answer 14

Enzymes work at an optimum temperature.

Question 15

Step 1 of germination?

Answer 15

Seed takes up water

Question 16

Step 2 of germination?

Answer 16

The testa bursts

Question 17

Step 3 of germination?

Answer 17

Enzymes become active once there is sufficient water

Question 18

What do the enzymes involved in germination do (step4)?

Answer 18

Amylase breaks down stored starch molecules to maltose. Protease breaks down protein molecules to amino acids

Question 19

How does the embryo get food for growth (last step)?

Answer 19

Maltose and amino acids are soluble in water. They diffuse into the embryo