Germany Under The Nazis Flashcards
How many Jews were killed in concentration camps? - Life under the Nazis
6 million
Eugenics is introduce in German schools - Life under the Nazis
September 1935
The Nuremberg Laws are announced, banning Jew-German marriage and Jews from voting - Life under the Nazis
September 1935
Jews can be evicted from their homes for no reason - Life under the Nazis
April 1939
When and where was the final solution decided? - Life under the Nazis
January 1942, The Wanseee Conference
How many physically and mentally disabled people were killed from 1939? - Life under the Nazis
200,000
Before this, they were forcibly sterilised
What were Einsatzgeuppen? - Life under the Nazis
Einsatzgruppen were 4 squads (A,B,C,D) that went into surrounding areas of Europe to eliminate ethnic minorities
How long did the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising last for, and when? - Life under the Nazis
43 days, in 1943
All men between what ages had to spend 6 months in the National Labour Service? - Life under the Nazis
18-25
All 18-25 year olds had to spend how many years in the army? - Life under the Nazis
2 years
What are examples of Germany being self-sufficient? - Life under the Nazis
Making petrol from coal, making artificial cotton wool from pulped wood
How did Nazis help/not help farmers? - Life under the Nazis
Helped - Cut their taxes
Not Helped - Created a law saying that farmers could not divide up their farm and give sections to their children, which stopped farmers keeping farms in their family.
Name the 2 DAF Trade Union replacements and their roles - Life under the Nazis
Beauty of Labour - Improved the working conditions and environments of workers
Strength Through Joy - Organised leisure activities to encourage hard work. Reward scheme.
Name examples of changes to German schooling? - Life under the Nazis
Maths - asked students to calculate national financial gains without Jews
PE - PE time trebled to emphasise physical fitness in youth
Eugenics - taught inferiority of ethnic minorities and superiority of Aryans
When was the Hitler Youth set up? - Life under the Nazis
1922
What were boys taught in Hitler Youth? - Life under the Nazis
How to march, how to fight with knives, keeping fit
What were League of German Girl members taught? - Life under the Nazis
How to cook meals, how to look after babies, keeping fit
What actions did Nazis take against women? - Life under the Nazis
Sacked them from high ranking jobs, banned from jury service (too emotional), banned abortion and contraception
What encouraged women to have a traditional role? - Life under the Nazis
Marriage loans were given out which became permanent after having 4 children, motherhood medal awarded to women who had most children, banned from smoking
What was signed between Hitler and the Pope and when? - Life under the Nazis
A concordat, in 1933, which meant that neither would interfere with one another’s business
Nazis killed what fraction of Jehovah’s witnesses and why? - Life under the Nazis
1/3, because they’re pacifists and wouldn’t serve in the army
When did BRI and FRA start dropping bombs and how many people were killed in Hamburg and overall? - Life under the Nazis
1942
45,000 people
800,000 people overall
What happened to factory work with women and when? - Life under the Nazis
In 1943, all 17-45 year old childless women were forced into factory work
Name an example of rationing cuts - Life under the Nazis
In 1945, only 250g of meat/person/week was distributed to civilians
How many catholic priests were arrested for sexual or financial impropriety in 1937? - Life under the Nazis
200, BREAKING HITLER’S CONCORDAT WITH THE POPE
What did Hitler set up as a religious alternative? - Life under the Nazis
The German Faith Movement, which used Mein Kampf instead of the Bible
What was the Reich Church? - Life under the Nazis
An umbrella organisation which replaced all churches
When did Kristallnacht happen? - Life under the Nazis
9th November 1938
More than 1000 synagogues were burned down, according to Heydrich
What was the Gestapo? - Life under the Nazis
A secret police force, who hunted out opponents of the Nazis. Could send to concentration camps without trial
How did Hitler influence the courts? - Life under the Nazis
Hitler controlled all judges, replacing liberal and Jewish judges with Nazi supporters
Why did Hitler provide cheap radios to all German households? - Life under the Nazis
So that all Germans were able to listen to Hitler’s rallies (70% had them by 1939)
When was it legal for Jews to be evicted from their homes without reason? - Life under the Nazis
April 1939, Jews could be evicted from homes without any reason
What were the Nuremberg Laws? - Life under the Nazis
A set of laws made in 1935 which banned Jew-German marriage and also revoked Jews’ German citizenship
Why were homosexuals and the disabled ‘undesirables?’ - Life under the Nazis
Homosexuals - Could not have children, not traditional values
Disabled - Damaged Hitler’s idea of a strong and fit aryan race
What examples are there of Jewish resistance to Nazi oppression
Some Jews formed resistance groups in the forests
Blew up railway lines
Treblinka weapon store broken into by a prisoner
WARSAW GHETTO UPRISING OF 1943
What were Joseph Goebbels’ basic ideas? - Life under the Nazis
Blaming Jews for Germany’s problems
In what ways did the Nazis influence arts + culture? - Life under the Nazis
Music - banned Jazz music because of AF-AM connotations
Books - Created a list of banned books (Mein Kampf became Germany’s best seller)
Films - produced Anti-Semitic films (Suss the Jew (The Story of an Evil Jew)
What was the National Labour Service, and how was it successful for the Nazis? - Life under the Nazis
All men aged between 18 + 25 had to spend 6 months in the RAD. They planted trees, did manual work. Had to wear uniforms + live in camps
Successful because these people were classed as employed, meaning unemployment dropped. EARNED VERY LITTLE
How did Rearmament solve unemployment? - Life under the Nazis
Made factory work for producing munitions (tanks, planes, guns)
Government contracts were given to factory owners to produce weapons
Conscription was reintroduced in 1939, with all 18-25 men doing 2 years in the army. UNEMPLOYMENT PLUMMETTED
What size did the army grow from and what to in 5 years? - Life under the Nazis
Grew from 100,000 to 1,400,000 in 5 years
What did ‘invisible unemployment’ do and how did it help the Nazis? - Life under the Nazis
Not included in unemployment figures:
Women who gave up work to care for families
Part time workers (COUNTED AS FULL TIME)
Unemployed Jews not counted in unemployment figures
How did Hjalmar Schacht attempt to develop Germany’s economy? - Life under the Nazis
Schacht created trade deals with insecure and undeveloped countries in South America to have their natural resources for use in Germany’s self sufficiency program
How did Goering try to develop Germany’s economy? - Life under the Nazis
Implemented the 4 year plan which was supposed to prime Germany for war. Led to an industry boom in steel and explosive industries
How did/didn’t Nazis help farmers? - Life under the Nazis
Cut their taxes, assured them of their land even if they were suffering financially
Made laws that they couldn’t divide land between children in order to keep farms in their families
What percentage of Uni lecturers were sacked by 1939? - Life under the Nazis
15% for political or racial reasons
When was Hitler Youth membership made compulsory as it was seen as being as important as school? - Life under the Nazis
1939
A member of which swing youth group murdered the head of the Cologne Gestapo? - Life under the Nazis
The Navajos
What were the 3 Ks of Nazi Women’s life? - Life under the Nazis
Kinder, Kirche, Küche
Children, Church, Cooking
TRADITIONAL VALUES
What was the Lebensborn movement? - Life under the Nazis
The policy to force single women to have children with strong SS soldiers to produce Aryan children
How might Germans have shown opposition to Nazis? - Life under the Nazis
Telling an anti-Nazi joke in the privacy of their homes
Refusal to do Nazi salutes, didn’t donate to Hitler youth
Listened to Jazz music, had Jewish friends, spread anti-Nazi propaganda
When did the July Bomb Plot occur? + what happened? - Life under the Nazis
In July 1944, military officials decided to try to murder Hitler. The bomb went off, killing 4 men but only injuring Hitler
What was ‘Total War’? - Life under the Nazis
Total War was Albert Speer’s plan to focus all of Germany’s efforts on winning WW2
Involved rationing, closing services and drafting women into factories
When was Kristallnacht? - Life Under the Nazis
10th November 1938
What law meant that the Hitler youth became legally as important as school?
Law for the incorporation of German youth- 1936
When did membership of the Hitler youth become compulsory?
1939
What did Hitler say about the German youth in 1935?
“Young men and women who can suffer pain. They must be as fast as a greyhound, as tough as leather and as hard as steel.”
What was the membership of Hitler youth clubs in 1933?
2,292,041
What was the membership of Hitler youth clubs in 1936?
5,437,601
What was the membership of Hitler youth clubs by 1939?
7,287,470
