Germany facts to learn Flashcards
how many people died ww1 + wounded
4 million dead
2 million wounded
how many ww1 widows were there
600,000
how many civilains died from starvation after ww1
763 000
how many people died from flu pandemic after ww1
150,000
what were the terms of the treaty of versailles
100,000 men army
6 battle ships
0 submarines + other
£6.6billion reparations
Demilitarisation of Rhineland
Forbidden to join with Austria
how was industrial production if 1918 compared to 1913
only 2/3 of what it had been
what was the german debt after ww1
grown from 50bn marks 1914 to 150 bn marks 1918
economic and social affects of ww1
worker 1918 only earning 60% of what they earned 1913
wealth unevenly distributed (big businesses lots money)
- social resentment
weimar structure
president elected every 7 years
chancellor controls cabinet
Reichstag elected every 4 years
reichstrat represents every germn region
how many political assassinations were there from 1919 to 1923
376
leaders scared
social anxiety
Sparticist uprising?
12th january 1919
communist - 50,000 members
overturn weimar government in berlin
lead by rosa luxemberg + karl liebknecht
over 100 people killed
weimar government
men and women over 20 can vote
proportional representation
article 48 - president could bypass democracy
weak constitution - german states e.g prussia still held power through reichstrat
Kapp Putsch?
13th March 1920
Wolf gang kapp
Freikorps - ex ww1 soldiers
right wing
longed for kaiser + hate weimar + overturn treaty of versailles
after 5 days Ebert called workers on strike
= failed
how many troop marched on ruhr
60,000
consequences of ruhr
over 8 months 132 people killed
150,000 people displaced from homes
Lead to hyperinflation to pay workers
effects of 1923 hyperinflation
bread 0.6 marks 1918 to 200,000 billion marks 1923
people pay off debt
farmer benefit
people fixed incomes/pensions struggled
increased poverty and starvation
people had to money to burn for warmth
children played with money
people carried money in wheel barrows
small businesses went bankrupt
people lost savings e.g middle class
how was industrial production 1928
higher
exports had risen by 40% 1925-1929
weimar living standard good
1927 insurance system help unemployed + ill
by 1929 100,000 new homes built
how many seats did nazis have in reichstag 1924 and 1928
1924 - 32
1928 - 12
how did membership increase in nazis
in 1925 27,000 members
but
in 1929 130,000 members
impacts of great depression
1932 - 40% of workers
unemployed
US cut of loans so businesses had to sack workers
People had no income
1933 - 6 million Germany unemployed
Homeless people rose - living in tents
Level in violence and theft increased on streets
1000s of people died of starvation
how did votes change for nazis 1928-1932
1928 - 2.6%
1930 - 18%
1932 - 37%
how did nazis appeal
farmers - protect land from communist
workers - increase wages, cut working hours, give employment and food
businessmen - fix great depp impacts + allow to keep factories
middle class - stop communism and return germany to traditional roots
youth - excitement and opportunities
women - family and home importance
soldiers - promised rearmament, industrialisation, bring back german military power
how many killed knight of long knives
400
icluding rohm and vonschleicher
