Germany during WW2

Question 1

2 effects on Jews of Nazi policy to set up concentration camps.

Answer 1

• kept in extremely bad conditions, crammed into poor housing, food restriction, typhus and disease spread rapidly resulted in 4,000 deaths between Jan 1941 an July 1942
• transported to different places and could not escape, ghettos were in cities in Poland. In Warsaw, ghetto surrounded by a 3,5 metre high wall topped with barbed wire and broken glass=no escape. Local Jewish community forced to pay for the construction of the wall. Lost their jobs

Question 2

When did Germany invade the Soviet union?

Answer 2

-June 1941

Question 3

How many civilians were murdered in the Soviet union by 1943?

Answer 3

-1.2 million civilians

Question 4

How many Jews were put to death after 1942?

Answer 4

-6 million, 5 million non-jews

Question 5

How did Germany hide what they were doing in the concentration camps?

Answer 5

-used propaganda to show they were treated well and lived in good conditions

Question 6

What happened in April 1943?

Answer 6

-uprising at the Warsaw ghetto against transportation of Jews

Question 7

How many German children were evacuated as part of the KLV and where did they go?

Answer 7

• 2.5 million
• placed in one of the 9000 camps supervised by Hitler youth
• such as Bavaria

Question 8

When was rationing first introduced and what foods did it include?

Answer 8

• August 1939

- bread, meat, diary, soap, clothing

Question 9

What were the purpose of food stamps?

Answer 9

• an appropriate no of stamps had to be handed over when food was bought
• theft of stamps was a criminal offence
• in restaurants you had to pay for the meal and provide a certain no of stamps

Question 10

What products were difficult to get during rationing?

Answer 10

• they were sufficient to supply basic nutrition

- tobacco, toilet paper + shortages of coal and shoes in winter made people v unhappy

Question 11

When was rationing cut even shorter?

Answer 11

• May 1942

- bread restricted to half a loaf a day and 40g of meat per day

Question 12

How many Germans fled to the West to avoid Soviet forces?

Answer 12

• 3 million

- worsened the problem of food and there was serious starvation in some areas

Question 13

How did war work affect the German people?

Answer 13

• shortage of people to work in factories led to:
• from Jan 1943, all men 16-65 + women 17-45 had to register for work
• small businesses that were non essential were closed and their employees were taken into the army or transferred to war work
• In August 1944 a ban of holidays was introduced and working week increased to 60 hours

Question 14

How many prisoners were working for Germany in 1944?

Answer 14

-7 million

Question 15

When was a ban of holidays introduced?

Answer 15

-1944

Question 16

2 effects of allied bombing on German people.

Answer 16

• negative impact on German morale. People tried to carry on with their lives however between March and July 1943 German cities were bombed causing extreme damage. Hamburg 1943 killed 42,600 citizens and forced 1 mill to flee. Welfare organisations set up to accommodate and provide food and drink
• interrupted transportation of war goods and production, 1% reduce in production however metal production in Ruhr valley reduced by 40%. Railway lines destroyed effected war goods and in 1945, Allies found several hundred tanks at a railway yard in Munich