Germany During The War Flashcards
Introduced in 1939 to control supplies, and this meant 2 out of 5 Germans followed a healthier diet than they had before the war.
rationing
How many women joined the workforce by 1939?
6.2 million
When were women conscripted to the workforce?
January 1943
What was life like for Germans at the beginning of the war?
At first the war had very little impact on people living in Nazi Germany. The Blitzkrieg method brought lots of victories and there were no shortages for civilians. In fact supplies increased; as the Nazis took over other countries supplies of raw materials and luxuries were sent back to Germany.
What defeat was a turning point for Germany during the war?
Stalingrad (July 1942-February 1943)
From what year did Germans begin to experience bombing raids on their major cities, such as Dresden, from British and American bombers?
1942
How many civilians had been killed as a result of air raids by the end of the war?
3.5 million
As well as millions of deaths, what was the impact of bombing raids on Germany?
Food shortages, increased rationing
In what year did Albert Speer become Reich Minister for Armaments and Production?
1943
What did Albert Speer’s role as Reich Minister for Armaments and Production involve?
He took direct control of the war economy; civilian goods stopped being produced and all factories began to produce items needed for the war effort.
What was the impact of Speer’s role as Reich Minister for Armaments and Production?
Production increased e.g. munitions output increased by 60% between 1939 and 1944.
In what year did all workers have to go into armaments production?
1944
What was the impact of all workers having to go into armament production?
Women went back to work; their children were in day care. People had to work longer and longer hours.
What was the Volkssturm?
People’s Home Guard
In what year was the Volksstrum established?
1944
Who composed the Volksstrum?
This was a people’s army, made up of Hitler Youth and men who were not fit enough for the national army, which would defend German cities if they were attacked by the allies. They lacked experience, were poorly trained with few weapons and were never a
serious fighting force.
Where were Jews placed during the war?
Ghettos
What was life like in the ghettos?
The conditions in the ghettos were terrible; there were serious food shortages as they had to survive on starvation rations, as well as fuel shortages and overcrowding. Thousands died from cold, hunger and disease. Around 55,000 Jews died in the Warsaw ghetto alone.
What was the name given to special murder squads in the East during the war?
Einsatzgruppen
By 1943, how many people had been rounded up by the Einsatzgruppen and murdered in Russian territories?
2 million Russians, mainly Jews
In what year was the Final Solution formulated?
1941
Where was the “Final Solution” formally discussed?
Wannsee, Berlin
In what year did the Wannsee Conference take place?
1942 (January)
