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History > Germany: Bismarck 1871-1890 > Flashcards

Germany: Bismarck 1871-1890 Flashcards

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1
Q

When was Bismarck born?

A

1815

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2
Q

When did Bismarck die?

A

1898

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3
Q

What did Bismarck build Germany through?

A

‘Blood and iron’

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4
Q

Which group of people did Bismarck ban from Germany?

A

Jesuits

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5
Q

What does ‘Reich’ mean?

A

A kingdom or an empire

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6
Q

What does ‘junker’ mean?

A

Aristocratic land owner from Prussia

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7
Q

What does ‘unification’ mean?

A

Joining together of states or countries

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8
Q

What is Prussia?

A

A prominent state of Germany originating in 1525

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9
Q

What does ‘liberalism’ mean?

A

An ideology promoting freedom

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10
Q

What does ‘free trade’ mean?

A

Unrestricted imports and exports

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11
Q

What does ‘conservative’ mean?

A

Promoting traditional social institutions

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12
Q

What does ‘protectionist’ mean?

A

Taxing foreign imports to protect industry

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13
Q

What does ‘urban’ mean?

A

Relating to cities

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14
Q

What does ‘cartel’ mean?

A

A group of independent producers reducing costs

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15
Q

What does ‘socialism’ mean?

A

An ideology promoting equality

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16
Q

What does ‘Kaiser’ mean?

A

Emperor

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17
Q

What does ‘autocratic’ mean?

A

Relating to a ruler who has absolute power

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18
Q

What does ‘democratic’ mean?

A

Relating to democracy, representative of voters

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19
Q

What does ‘constitution’ mean?

A

A body of fundamental principles

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20
Q

What does ‘Kulturkampf’ mean?

A

Struggle of culture

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21
Q

What does ‘reichsfiende’ mean?

A

Enemies of the state, e.g. Catholics

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22
Q

What is ‘anti-semitism’?

A

Jewish hatred

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23
Q

What was the highest position in the constitution of the second Reich?

A

Kaiser

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24
Q

Which group did the Kaiser directly command?

A

Army

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25
Q

Which position was just below the Kaiser?

A

Chancellor

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26
Q

What was the other name for the Federal Council and Upper House?

A

Bundesrat

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27
Q

How many representatives were in the Bundesrat?

A

58 representatives

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28
Q

How many state governments were there?

A

25 states

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29
Q

What’s another name for the Reichstag?

A

Lower House

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30
Q

Who elected members of the Reichstag?

A

Males over 25 years old

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31
Q

How often were elections held for members of the Reichstag?

A

Three years

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32
Q

How often was the army budget reviewed and by who?

A

Every seven years, Reichstag

33
Q

When was the National Liberals formed?

A

1867

34
Q

What main policies did National Liberals support?

A

German unification and free trade

35
Q

What was the other name for the Centre Party?

A

Zentrum

36
Q

Which religion mainly followed the Centre Party?

A

Catholics

37
Q

What policy did the Centre Party favour?

A

Greater decentralisation

38
Q

Which party formed in 1875?

A

Social Democratic Party

39
Q

Which party was for the Protestant and aristocratic Prussian junker landowners?

A

German Conservative Party

40
Q

Where did the German Conservative Party stand against the other parties?

A

Most right wing of all the parties

41
Q

Which party formed in 1871 was made of strong supporters of Bismarck?

A

Free Conservatives or Reichspartei

42
Q

What did the Progressives or Forschrittspartei (DFP) dislike?

A

Centralism and militarism

43
Q

Finish the quote by Bismarck… ‘In 1871, I had an empire but…’

A

‘In 1871, I had an empire, but by 1879 I had a nation.’

44
Q

How many seats did the National Liberals win in the 1871 election?

A

125 seats out of 397

45
Q

What did the National Liberals work with Bismarck to get?

A

German unification

46
Q

When was the single currency established?

A

1876

47
Q

What were some of the unification policies?

A
  • Standardised law
  • National bank
  • Abolished tariffs on internal trade
  • Single currency
  • Single court system
  • Extended railway network
  • New postal system
48
Q

How many new acts were passed for unification?

A

One hundred

49
Q

What law took power from the National Liberals and when was it passed?

A

Septennial Law, 1874

50
Q

When was the Press Law introduced?

A

1874

51
Q

What did the Press Law allow?

A

Government to prosecute editors who published material that they did not approve of

52
Q

Was Bismarck a Protestant or Catholic?

A

Protestant

53
Q

When was the start of Kulturkampf?

A

1872

54
Q

When were the May Laws introduced?

A

1873

55
Q

When did Kulturkampf end?

A

1879

56
Q

When was the General German Workers’ Association formed?

A

1863

57
Q

Who led the General German Workers’ Association?

A

Ferdinand Lassalle

58
Q

Which group was formed in 1869 by W. Liebknecht?

A

Social Democratic Workers’ Party

59
Q

How many members did the group formed in 1869 have by 1875?

A

9000 members

60
Q

What party did these two groups join to form?

A

SPD

61
Q

What programme was the initial basis for the ‘manifesto’ of the SPD?

A

Gotha programme

62
Q

How many seats did the SPD win in 1877?

A

12 seats

63
Q

When was the Anti-socialist Law introduced?

A

October 1878

64
Q

What did the Anti-socialist Law do?

A

All socialist events were banned, however the SPD specifically weren’t officially banned from running or sitting in the Reichstag

65
Q

How many socialist activists were imprisoned as a result of the Anti-socialist law?

A

15000

66
Q

When was the Sickness Insurance Act introduced?

A

1883

67
Q

What act in 1889 was introduced that helped pensioners and disabled people?

A

Old Age and Disability Act

68
Q

Between the years of 1871 and 1873, what did Germany experience?

A

An economic boom

69
Q

What developed economically as a result of German ‘Great Depression’?

A

Cartels

70
Q

What were examples of two pressure groups created as a result of the Great Depression?

A

League of German Iron and Steel Manufacturers (1873) and Central Association of German Industrialists (1876)

71
Q

Why did Bismarck call an election in 1878?

A

He aimed to deprive National Liberals of seats

72
Q

What policy did Bismarck move from free trade to in 1878?

A

Protectionism

73
Q

What percentage increase on spending for the army did Bismarck fight for in 1886-87?

A

10%

74
Q

What did Bismarck do when the army spending wasn’t approved?

A

Created a false war scare

75
Q

When did Bismarck propose a new permanent anti-socialist bill which permitted strong police action?

A

October 1890

76
Q

What was the main reason for Bismarck resigning?

A

He couldn’t pass the permanent anti-socialist law

77
Q

When did Wilhelm I die and Wilhelm II take over?

A

1888

78
Q

Whose power did the Kaiser want to reduce?

A

Bismarck

History (3 decks)

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