Germany 1918-1939

Question 1

What does Dolchstoss mean

Answer 1

Stabbed in the back

Question 2

Who were the November criminals

Answer 2

The politicians who signed the armistice

Question 3

Who were the SPD & KPD

Answer 3

Social Democratic Party

Communist Party

Question 4

Article 48

Answer 4

The president could suspend constitution in an emergency, he could make laws and keep the chancellor in office without without the support of the Reichstag, he could rule by decree

Question 5

Coalition Government

Answer 5

When no single Party has the majority of votes

Question 6

Proportional representation

Answer 6

When the seats you are awarded are distributed in proportion to the percentage vote you had, this means coalition governments are more likely but leads to political instability

Question 7

Where did the French invade in 1923?

Answer 7

The Ruhr (industrial area)

Question 8

What did the German government do when it couldn’t pay reparations

Answer 8

Print more money

Question 9

How were people paid wages

How did they collect wages

Answer 9

Paid in goods

In a wheelbarrow

Question 10

What did some people use to buy things

Answer 10

Bartering

Question 11

Hyperinflation

Who suffered
Who benefited

Answer 11

Pensioners

People with debt

Question 12

Evidence for a golden age in 1924-29

Answer 12

Wages-10% increase by 1928, best paid workers in Europe, unemployment rates fell
Housing-btween 1924-31 2 mil new homes built, 200,000 renovated, by 1928 homelessness reduced by 60%, gov gave tax breaks, low int
Unemployment-unemployment insurance law helped old, ill ,injured-other reforms gave benefit, assistance to disabled single mothers and veterans
Women-1919 woman allowed to vote, equality in ed, civ service, equal pay, by 1926 32 women in the Reichstag, by 1933 100,000 whom teachers &3,000 wom docs, allowed to dress freely
Culture-Art flourished, Architecture abstract, more cinema plays and opera

Question 13

Evidence against a golden age in 1924-1929

Answer 13

Wages-184,000 unemployed and almost half did not qualify for unemployment relief
Unemployment-10% unemployed 1926-6% in 1927-9% in 1929
Women-jobs women worked in war taken back by men, percentage stayed the same, criticised for neglecting homes
Culture-artists criticised by right-wing for undermining traditional German values

Question 14

What was the impact of the Wall Street crash on the Weimar government

Answer 14

Made Brüning rely on Article 48 more and more

Question 15

Kellogg-Briand Pact

Answer 15

1928 Germany signed with 64 other countries. Armies for self defence and political matters solved peacefully

Question 16

Us loans

Answer 16

Over 6 years $3000 million loaned to help meet reparations

Question 17

Rentenmark

Answer 17

New currency issued on property value

Rentenmark-Reichsmark

Question 18

The Young Plan

Answer 18

Reduced reparations by 3/4 and extended time to 59 years

Question 19

ToV Territorial losses

Answer 19

Alsace and Lorraine to France
Eupen and Malmedy to Belgium
Danzig a free city

Question 20

ToV

Military limitations

Answer 20

Army not to exceed 100,000 men
No u- boats and 6 battleships no more than 10,000 tons
Rhineland demilitarised

Question 21

ToV
War Guilt clause
Reparations

Answer 21

German were responsible for the war and had to pay 6.6 billion in reparations

Question 22

Strengths and weaknesses of the Weimar constitution

Answer 22

Proportional representation, vote for president

Article 48, proportional representation lead to political instability

Question 23

Spartacist revolt

Answer 23

Tried to overthrow Ebert but lost due to Freikorps, only rising for a few day

Question 24

Kapp Putsch

Answer 24

Weimar government tried to reduce size of army and disband Friekorps, didn’t work an politicians killed

Question 25

Munich Putcsh

Answer 25

Hitler and 600 Nazis sized the Burgerbrau Keller Hitler held three leaders at gunpoint and made them make promises Let them go and they changed their minds Continued his march and 16 Nazis and 4 policemen were killed He was arrested Nazi Party disbanded

Question 26

Freikorps

Answer 26

Demobilised soldiers who had refused to give up their arms

Question 27

Hitler and Nazi party

Answer 27

Arrested, trial began Feb 1924 lasted 1 month Found gulpilty sentenced 5 years- only served 9 months and wrote Mein Kampf, had it easy in prision Trial gave him nationwide publicity Party grew from 27,000'in 1925 to over 100,000 in 1928

Question 28

Reichstag building destoyed

Answer 28

27 Feb 1933 | Lube convicted

Question 29

Where was the enabling act vote held

Answer 29

In opera house

Question 30

When was Hitler appointed chancellor

Answer 30

30th Jan 1933

Question 31

When did Hindenburg die

Answer 31

July 1934

Question 32

Night of the long knives

Answer 32

June 1934 | SS shot many Sa leaders seen as a threat

Question 33

Propaganda methods

Answer 33

Radio, posters, planes, newspapers. Films, banners mass rallies

Question 34

What were the SA

Answer 34

The Nazi private army used to protect meeting and disrupt other parties meetings

Question 35

What were the SS

Answer 35

Hitler's personal bodyguard led by Heinrich Himmler

Question 36

What were the Gestappo

Answer 36

Secret State police

Question 37

When did the pope sign the concordate

Answer 37

20th July 1933

Question 38

How many assassination attempts before 1939

Answer 38

3

Question 39

Edelweiss Pirates

Answer 39

Listened to forbidden music Graffitied on Nazi propaganda Outlandish clothes

Question 40

``` Youth in Nazi Germany Teachers Curriculum Textbooks Lesssons ```

Answer 40

Teachers-had to swear oath of loyalty to Hitler and join Nazi teachers league Curriculum-made more physical education classes, girls took needlework, cookery etc, new race studies classes, emphasis on German history Textbooks-rewritten with Nazi views, mein Kampf standard text Lessons-began and ended with Heil Hitler salute, Nazi themes introduced

Question 41

Hitler Youth

Answer 41

Compulsory by 1939 and had 7 mill members B 6-10 little fellows 10-13 German young people 14-18 hitler youth G 10-14 young girls league 14-18 league of German maidens 18-21 faith and beauty Many enjoyed but became increasingly regimented and youth prefers to join other groups

Question 42

Nazi women ideals

Answer 42

No make up, blonde hug hipped, flat shoes, no smoke. Household wife

Question 43

Kristallnackt

Answer 43

First officially sanctioned violence against the Jews | Nov 1938