Geriatrics

Question 1

What does Cupid stand for in regards to aging process

Answer 1

C is cumulative, structural and functional changes are this

U is for universal aging

P is for progressive

I is for intrinsic to basic biology

D is detrimental

Question 2

What is senescence? 

Answer 2

Passing of biological time

Organic process of aging

Question 3

The general definition of a geriatric person is someone older than what age?

Answer 3

Older than 55

Question 4

What is the concept longevity determination mean?

Answer 4

The normal period of operation for a persons life, controlled by genetics

Question 5

What are activities of daily living? Name some

Answer 5

They are activities that are essential elements of self-care.

Bathing, dressing, toileting, transfers, grooming, feeding

Question 6

What are instrumental activities of daily living? List some 

Answer 6

They are associated with independent living in the community and can serve for a basis of the types of services needing to maintain independence

Shopping, preparing meals, using the telephone, driving in transportation, handling on finances, administering a medication, housekeeping and laundry

Question 7

To assess gait

What question should be asked?

Answer 7

Have you fallen in the past year?

Question 8

What test is used to assess gait? 

Answer 8

The timed “up and go” test or TUG

Question 9

Describe the TUG test

Answer 9

This is a simple test: you instruct the patient to rise from the chair, Walk for 10 feet, turn back and return to the chair and sit down again.

Question 10

A negative test result for the tug test is how many seconds?

Answer 10

Less than 10 seconds or less.

11-20for frail elderly and disabled

Question 11

What are two questions to ask a elderly patient to screen for depression?

Answer 11

Have you been feeling down, depressed or hopeless?

Have you lost interest or pleasure in doing things?

Question 12

Describe the mini cognitive exam

Answer 12

You will ask the patient to remember three words unrelated to each other and repeat them. You’ll have the patient draw clock with a specified time. And then have them repeat the three words you said in the beginning

Question 13

The mini cognition exam is extremely accurate at predicting what? 

Answer 13

Is extremely accurate at predicting if someone has dementia

Question 14

If a patient does not recall any of the three words or if they recall only one or two words and drawn abnormal clock what is the determination of this result?

Answer 14

A person has dementia

Question 15

What is considered a positive predictive value of malnutrition?

Answer 15

Elderly Weighing below 100 pounds

Question 16

What is the question is should ask patients when assessing nutrition?

Answer 16

Have you lost 10 pounds over the past six months without trying to do so?

Question 17

What is a normal score for the mini cog test?

Answer 17

10

Question 18

What are the four key terms and assessing for alcohol intake using their cage questionnaire?

Answer 18

C is for cut
As is for annoy
 G is for guilt
E is for eye opening

Question 19

What are three of a higher risk medication groups associated with polypharmacy

Answer 19

Benzodiazepines, anticholinergics, and conventional antipsychotic medication

Question 20

The medical study of the aging process is called what

Answer 20

Gerontology

Question 21

What is the study of disease that affects elderly?

Answer 21

Geriatrics

Question 22

Young old term is associated with what age range?

Answer 22

65 to 74 years

Question 23

What age range is old considered?

Answer 23

75 to 84 years

Question 24

Oldest old is in what range?

Answer 24

85 and older

Question 25

What is important to know about Medicare coverage in regards to The USPSTF stringent evidence guidelines?

Answer 25

Medicare will only pay for A and B level recommendations that meet the USPSTF guidelines 

Question 26

What does the acronym spices for in regards to geriatric syndrome markers?

Answer 26

``` Sleep disturbances Problems with eating or feeding Incontinence Confusion Evidence of falls Skin breakdown ```

Question 27

A standard diagnosis of dementia requires two of the following to be present: 

Answer 27

``` Memory impairment Communication language impairment Inability to focus or pay attention Reason and judgment impairment Visual perception impairment ```

Question 28

Polypharmacy is defined by a patient taking how many medications?

Answer 28

It is a fine by patient taking five or more medications. This increases the risk of adverse drug reactions

Question 29

Healthcare providers to use the beers criteria as a guy for prescribing it all settings except which two?

Answer 29

Hospice and palliative care

Question 30

End-of-life preparation should be discussed in which settings?

Answer 30

Animal office visits, when entering the hospital, or when undergoing an outpatient procedure

Question 31

 What brief nutrition tool can be used to assess a geriatric patients nutrition?

Answer 31

Mini nutritional assessment, it is six questions

Question 32

What are two big safety concerns for the prevention of enduring the older adult?

Answer 32

Safe removal of firearms and prevention of falls

Question 33

What are three tools you can use to assess alcohol use?

Answer 33

Michigan alcohol screening test (MAST) Cage questionnaire Alcohol use disorder identification test (AUDIT) 

Question 34

A state of confusion adults that has an abrupt onset? dementia or delirium

Answer 34

Delirium

Question 35

What types of medications are used in dementia?

Answer 35

Cholinesterase inhibitors such as Donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine 

Question 36

What is important to know about cholinesterase inhibitors in regards to the management of dementia and what are the three medications used?

Answer 36

They reduce the breakdown of acetylcholine which sustains over level of neurotransmitter in the brain to promote brain function Donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine

Question 37

When a patient presents with confusion with the three main differential diagnoses?

Answer 37

Delirium and dementia and depression

Question 38

Which of the three differentials of confusion is a medical emergency?

Answer 38

Delirium

Question 39

 Confusion that is abrupt in onset but short-lived can indicate what?

Answer 39

Transient ischemic attack TIA

Question 40

The presence of a fever can indicate what two things in relation to older adults?

Answer 40

Infection or alcohol withdrawal

Question 41

Describe the mini mental state exam

Answer 41

Ask what the date is, have them repeat three words you say ask them to name an object Have them read and follow instructions

Question 42

What is the least useful assessment tool used to identify a patient with delirium?

Answer 42

The mini mental state examination

Question 43

The sense of smell is often impaired in which confusional state?

Answer 43

Dementia

Question 44

Apraxia which is the impaired ability Carriott motor activities despite and talk motor function is associated with which confusional state?

Answer 44

Dementia

Question 45

What exam is useful and confirm the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease?

Answer 45

Pet scan also called positron emission tomography scan

Question 46

If the onset of confusion is sudden which confusional state is this associated with, dementia or delirium?

Answer 46

Delirium

Question 47

In delirium, the condition is persistent but has not been present for no longer than how long?

Answer 47

Than one month

Question 48

The presence of delusions or hallucinations is associated with which confusional state?

Answer 48

It is associated with delirium, it can occur in late stage dementia

Question 49

Apraxia, which is the impaired ability to carry out motor activities despite intact motor functions is associated with which confusional state?

Answer 49

Is associated with dementia

Question 50

Aphasia which is a language disturbance. Apraxia which is impaired ability to carryout motor activities despite intact motor function. Agnosia is the failure to identify or recognize objects despite intact sensory function are all associated with confusional state

Answer 50

Dementia

Question 51

What is aphasia?

Answer 51

language disturbance

Question 52

What is apraxia?

Answer 52

Impaired ability to carry out motor activity despite intact motor function

Question 53

What is agnosia? 

Answer 53

Failure to identify or recognize objects despite into sensory function

Question 54

 What is defined as relieving pain without dealing with the cost of the condition?

Answer 54

Palliative

Question 55

What does palliative care focus on?

Answer 55

It focuses primarily on anticipating, preventing, diagnosing, and treating SYMPTOMS experienced by patients with a series or life-threatening illness and helping patients and their families make medically important decisions

Question 56