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Older Adults - Midterm > Geriatric Syndromes (1) > Flashcards

Geriatric Syndromes (1) Flashcards

1
Q

what is a geriatric syndrome

A

multifactorial/multi-organ

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2
Q

what do geriatric syndromes have

A

interacting components

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3
Q

interacting components

A

situation specific stressors

age related co-morbidities

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4
Q

what do geriatric syndromes impact

A

QOL

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5
Q

what causes a pressure ulcer

A

malnutrition

bedrest

changes in integ system

dehydration

increase exposure to moisture

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6
Q

B –> bed rest

A

bladder & bowel incontinence and retention

bed sores

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7
Q

E –> bedrest

A

electrolyte imbalance

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8
Q

D –> bedrest

A

deconditioning

depression

demineralization of bones

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9
Q

R –> bedrest

A

ROM loss and contractures

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10
Q

E (2) –> bedrest

A

energy depletion

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11
Q

S –> bedrest

A

skin problems

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12
Q

T –> bedrest

A

trouble

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13
Q

what are older adults susceptible to –> malnutrition

A

to host intrinsic and extrinsic factors

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14
Q

intrinsic factors -> malnutrition

A

decreased digestive enzyme production

dentures

dry mouth

impaired mobility

decreased smell and taste

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15
Q

dentures -> malnutrition

A

difficulty chewing (esp foods rich in protein)

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16
Q

dry mouth -> malnutrition

A

difficulty swallowing

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17
Q

impaired mobility -> malnutrition

A

difficulty shopping and cooking

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18
Q

decreased smell and taste -> malnutrition

A

decreased appetite

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19
Q

extrinsic factors -> malnutrition

A

low income

depression

social isolation

dietary restrictions d/t co-morbidities

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20
Q

what does dehydration cause

A

delayed wound healing (esp pressure ulcers)

dry mucous membranes

rapid pulse

extremity weakness

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21
Q

who is at an increased risk of dehydration

A

older adults

d/t co-morbidities

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22
Q

what tests are not reliable for dehydration

A

skin turgor at sternum

d/t skin changes

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23
Q

what tests do we use for dehydration

A

lab tests

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24
Q

who has incontinence

A

30% of women over 65

> 50% of nursing home residents

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25
two categories of incontinence
established transient
26
established incontinence
result of neurological damage, intrinsic bladder or urethral pathology
27
transient incontinence
result of diet, meds or illness
28
types of incontinence
stress urge mixed overflow fxnal
29
stress --> incontinence
d/t physical stress or increased abdominal pressure
30
urge --> incontinence
sudden urge to urinate and the inability to hold it until reaching the bathroom
31
mixed --> incontinence
combination of mixed and fxnal
32
overflow --> incontinence
accidental loss of urine from chronically full bladder
33
fxnal --> incontinence
inability to get to a bathroom d/t physical limitation, inability to manage clothing
34
interventions --> incontinence
hydration enema bulking agents antidiarrheal agents biofeedback physical therapy
35
PT --> incontinence
pelvic floor PT referral
36
falls
unplanned descent to the floor or onto a piece of furniture w/ or w/o injury
37
what is the leading cause of death from injury among older adults
falls
38
most common cause TBI
falls
39
consequences of falls
institutionalization decreased QOL
40
decreased QOL --> falls
fear of falling loss of fxn decreased socialization
41
fear of falling --> falls
decreased participation in activities
42
how deaths per yr are secondary to falls
~ 650k
43
intrinsic risk factors for falls (1)
fear of falling hx of falls advanced age muscles weakness
44
intrinsic risk factors for falls (2)
balance and gait problems poor vision hypotension CVA, PD, dementia incontinence
45
extrinsic risk factors for falls (1)
no stair handrails poor stair design no bathroom grab bars dim lighting
46
extrinsic risk factors for falls (2)
trip hazards (pets, electrical chords) slippery/uneven surfaces psychoactive meds improper use of ADs
47
postural stability/control systems
sensory central processing NM system
48
sensory --> falls
somatosensory vision vestibular
49
central processing --> falls
ankle strategy hip strategy stepping strategy reaching strategy suspensory strategy
50
NM system --> falls
mm strength ROM posture
51
postural control
COG is w/in the base of support during static and dynamic activities
52
somatosensory inputs come from
joints, tendons, muscles
53
what do somatosensory inputs tell us
CNS body segment position in space
54
examples of somatosensory inputs
vibration proprioception 2 point discrimination
55
somatosensory inputs in older adults
decreased especially vibration
56
visual input helps
maintain vertical position
57
examples of visual input
visual acuity depth perception contrast sensitivity
58
visual input in older adults
decreased
59
vestibular --> falls
angular acceleration of head via semicircular canals
60
how is the vestibular system affected
decreased ability to adjust to bodily equilibrium
61
why is the vestibular system impaired in older adults
d/t progressive loss of peripheral hair cells and vestibular nerve fibers
62
central processing includes
ankle, hip and stepping strategies
63
most commonly used strategy --> central processing
ankle
64
ankle strategy -> central processing
used to control postural sway and small perturbations **tib anterior**
65
hip strategy -> central processing
used on narrow moving spaces, moderate perturbations
66
what muscles are used with hip strategy -> central processing
hip extensors hip flexors (large change in COG)
67
stepping strategy -> central processing
used in large perturbations taking step forward/backward
68
when is the stepping strategy used -> central processing
when COG is outside BOS
69
standing balance recovery strategies
reaching strategy suspensory strategy
70
reaching strategy --> standing balance
moving arm to grasp or touch object for support
71
suspensory strategy --> standing balance
bending knees during gait or standing activities to lower COG improving postural stability (crouched posture)

Older Adults - Midterm (4 decks)

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