GERD, Hernia, Achalasia Flashcards
Name 3 disturbances in ingestion
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
- Hiatal hernia
- Achalasia
the backward movement of gastric contents into the esophagus. Known as “heartburn”
GERD
Complications of GERD (3)
- Esophagitis - inflamm of esophagus
- Esophageal strictures - narrowing of esophageal lumen
- Barrett’s Esophagus - damaged esophagus (thickened & red)
When the top portion of the stomach protrudes through the thick muscle that divides the chest from the abdomen, it is known as ________
HIATAL HERNIA
A condition in which the flat pink lining of the swallowing tube that connects the mouth to the stomach (esophagus) becomes damaged by acid reflux, which causes the lining to thicken and become red.
BARRETT’S ESOPHAGUS
This refers to theabnormal narrowing of the esophageal lumen; it often presents as dysphagia, commonly described by patients as difficulty swallowing. Fibrosis was defined asabnormally increased collagen deposition,
ESOPHAGEAL STRICTURE
It is a special type of imaging test that uses barium and X-rays to create images of your upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The radiologist will ask you to take a swallow of a thick, chalky barium drink. The barium is usually flavored, but it may not taste very good. As you swallow the barium, the radiologist will take single pictures, a series of X-rays, or fluoroscopy to watch the barium moving through your mouth and throat.
BARIUM SWALLOW
Medications for GERD
- Antacids - Mylanta
- Histamine 2 receptor antagonists - Ranitidine / H2 blockers
- PPIs - Omeprazole
Backward flow of swallowed food or liquids into the mouth
REGURGITATION
Diagnostic test for hiatal hernia
- X-ray
- Endoscopy
- Esophageal manometry
Functional absence of esophageal peristalsis and obstruction at the gastroesophageal junction caused by inability of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) to relax
ACHALASIA
Medicines to treat hiatal hernia
- Antacids
- H2 receptor blockers:
-cimetidine
-famotidine
-nizatidine - PPI
-lansoprazole
-omeprazole
