GERD

Question 1

What is GERD

Answer 1

GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE

Question 2

Characteristics of GERD (Pathophysiologic changes)

Answer 2

Ulcers

Question 3

RISK FACTORS/ ETIOLOGY of GERD

Answer 3

1) LOW LES TONE
2) HIATAL HERNIA
3) HIGH HCL SECRETION
NSAIDS
Smoking
Alcohol
Zollinger Ellison Syndrome (gastroma releasing gastrin)
4) HIGH INTRAGASTRIC PRESSURE
Pregnancy
Obesity
Big meals
Gastroparesis

Question 4

Clinical manifestations of GERD

Answer 4

Epigastric pain
Dyspepsia (Indigestion)
Heartburn
Dysphagia

Question 5

Complications of GERD

Answer 5

Barrett’s esophagus
Adenocarcinoma
Strictures due to fibrosis
GI bleeding
Aspiration
Laryngitis
Odynophagia

Question 6

DIAGNOSIS OF GERD

Answer 6

1) ECG
To rule out heart disease
2) EMPIRIC PPI TRIAL
3) COMPLICATIONS/ ALARM SYMPTOMS
Dysphagia
Vomiting
Anemia
Weight loss
4) MONOMETRY
Rule out Esophageal motility disorders
5) PH MONITORING

Question 7

TREATMENT

Answer 7

PPI
HISTAMINE RECEPTORS AGONIST (H2RA)