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Renewable energy 4 > Geothermal Energy > Flashcards

Geothermal Energy Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Geothermal Energy

A

Heat Generated in the core of the earth

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2
Q

What is typically the thermal gradient in Iceland

A

500C/Km

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3
Q

What 3 things are needed for extraction of geothermal heat

A

Heat source
Permeable Rock
Wells to extract heat

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4
Q

Why is permeable rock important for geothermal heat extraction

A

Because it absorbs water to absorb and transport heat

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5
Q

Why is a heat exchanger needed if geothermal energy is to be used as heat

A

To transfer the energy from saline geothermal water to fresh water, Less corrosion and can be used in boilers etc

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6
Q

What Is needed to produce electricity from geothermal energy

A

Separator, Re-injection well and Steam Turbine

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7
Q

What are some challenges of geothermal energy

A

High cost of wells
Hard to find reservoir
Chemically aggressive geo fluids can cause corrosion and scaling

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8
Q

What are some benefits of Geothermal energy

A

Low carbon emissions
24/7
Technology similar to hydrocarbon industry

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9
Q

What are the purposes of reinjection

A

Prevent disposal of saline groundwater (Can be ecologically damaging)
Maintain reservoir pressure at depth

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10
Q

What are the problems with reinjection

A

Can lead to short circuiting

Rate of cooling can effect life time of geothermal system

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11
Q

Will a rock with high permeability and high porosity be a good reservoir rock (such as sandstone)

A

Yes- High permeability

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12
Q

Would a rock with high porosity but low permeability be a good reservoir rock

A

No

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13
Q

What are the 2 types of permeability

A

Intergranular (Sand stone)

Fracture (Granite)

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14
Q

What countries have a high Geothermal potential

A 
US 
New Zealand 
Turkey 
Philippines
Indonesia
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15
Q

What effects the efficiency of a geothermal turbine

A

Ambient Temperature at surface

Reservoir depth

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16
Q

Do Shallow aquifer exploitation rely on thermal gradient

A

No

17
Q

What is permeability of a rock

A

How easily water can flow through it

18
Q

What is porosity of a rock

A

Pore volume- ie how much water can be trapped

19
Q

What does low permeability lead

A

High heat pumping losses

20
Q

What is the heat in place equation

A

HIP = Reservoir volume x Heat Capacity x (Tres-Tinj)

21
Q

How do you calculate the reservoir temperature

A

Trs= Tsurf + Thermal Gradient x Depth

22
Q

How is the Heat capacity calculated

A

HC = Porosity x Brine HC x Brine density + (1-porosity) x Rock HC x Rock density

23
Q

What is the equation for energy production rate

A

E = Volume flow rate x Heat Capacity x Density x DT

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