Geomatics, GIS, Vector data types Flashcards
What is Geomatics?
Geomatics is a discipline concerning the collection, distribution, and analysis of geographic data, integrating geographic methods with informatics tools like GNSS, remote sensing, GIS, etc.
What is a Geographic Information System (GIS)?
GIS is a computer system for capturing, storing, and analyzing spatial data.
How did GIS evolve from traditional cartography?
GIS evolved from traditional cartography, providing digital tools for easier updates and sharing.
What are the differences between GIS and CAD?
CAD is primarily used for design and drafting, whereas GIS focuses on spatial data analysis.
What is a digital twin?
A digital twin is a virtual model representing a real-world entity or system, often used for predictive analysis and monitoring.
What is a Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI)?
SDI is a framework for managing and sharing geospatial data across sectors, with components like GIS software, spatial data services, and catalog services.
What are vector data types?
Vector data represent geographical features using points, lines, and polygons.
What are shapefiles?
A shapefile is a popular vector file format, with pros like wide compatibility and cons like limited attribute name lengths.
What are other vector formats?
Other vector formats include KML/KMZ, GPX, GeoJSON, and OSM, each suited for specific use cases.
What is a spatial database?
Spatial databases (e.g., PostGIS) support complex queries and multi-user environments for managing vector data.
What are the differences between GeoPackage (GPKG) and shapefiles?
GeoPackage (GPKG) offers more advanced features than shapefiles, such as support for raster data and unlimited attributes.
What is raster data?
Raster data stores continuous spatial data using a grid structure, often with additional resolutions and pyramids for performance.
What are common raster formats?
Raster formats include GeoTIFF, JPEG2000, and IMG, with varying support for metadata and compression.
What are Lidar and multitemporal data formats?
Lidar formats provide dense point cloud data, while multitemporal formats include time-based geospatial data.
What are the main differences between vector and raster data?
Vector data are discrete representations, while raster data represent continuous data.
