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GENERAL SCIENCE > GEOLOGY > Flashcards

GEOLOGY Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the parts of earth

A

atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere

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2
Q

what are the composition of the atmosphere of the earth

A

78% Nitrogen
21% oxygen
1% other gases

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3
Q

layers of atmosphere

A

troposphere
stratosphere - ozone layer
mesosphere
thermosphere/ionosphere

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4
Q

study of water on and within earth

A

hydrology

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5
Q

study of earth

A

geology

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6
Q

temperature at which condensation of water occur

A

dew point

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7
Q

water falls to the surface of the earth

A

percipitation

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8
Q

liquid part of the earth

A

hydrosphere

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9
Q

gas part of the earth

A

atmosphere

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10
Q

how many percent does earth covered by water

A

75%

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11
Q

appearance of unusually warm air water in the pacific ocean

A

el nino

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12
Q

unusually cold temperature in the ocean waters

A

la nina

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13
Q

solid part of the earth

A

lithosphere

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14
Q

pertains to all movements of the lithosphere

A

diastrophism

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15
Q

the crumpling of earth’s crust due to compressions

A

folding

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16
Q

the crackling of earth’s crust due to tensions

A

faulting

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17
Q

proposed by Alfred Wegener in 1915; the pangea (supercontinent) broke into 7 continents

A

continental drift theory

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18
Q

proposed that the lithosphere is divided into 6 major plates

A

plate tectonic theory

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19
Q

study of volcano and other related phenomena

A

volcanology

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20
Q

what are the parts of volcano

A

crater - mouth
vent - opening that leads to magma chamber
magma chamber - where magma accumulates

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21
Q

what do you call the mouth of volcano

A

crater

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22
Q

what do you call the part of volcano that serve as opening that leads to magma chamber

A

vent

23
Q

hat do you call the part of volcano where magma accumulates

A

magma chamber

24
Q

types of volcano

A

active - erupts occasionally
dormant - erupts that enters a period of inactivity
extinct - inactive for a long period of time

25
Q

volcano that erupts ocassionaly

A

active

26
Q

volcano that erupts then enter a period of inactivity

A

dormant

27
Q

volcano that shown inactivity for a long period of time

A

extinct

28
Q

narrow chain of volcanoes at the boundaries of pacific ocean

A

pacific ring of fire

29
Q

a magma that reaches earth

A

lava

30
Q

study of earthquakes

A

seismology

31
Q

the place where earthquakes begin

A

focus

32
Q

the point on earth’s surface directly above the focus

A

epicenter

33
Q

movement of tectonic plates

A

tectonic

34
Q

movement of molten magma within earth

A

volcanic

35
Q

a large mass of water displaced by earthquakes

A

tidal wave

36
Q

used to detect and record earthquakes

A

seismograph

37
Q

measured in terms of its effects on man; ROSSI FORREL INTENSITY SCALE

A

intensity

38
Q

scaled measured the energy released by earthquakes: Richter Magnitude Scale

A

magnitude

39
Q

what are the different kinds of rocks

A

igneous
sedimentary
metamorphic

40
Q

rocks that are formed by the cooling and hardening of molten materials called magma

A

igneous rocks

41
Q

rocks that are deposited at the bottom of rivers, lakes & ocean e.g. limestone

A

sedimentary rocks

42
Q

the hardest kinds of rocks produced by the hardening of igneous & sedimentary rocks e.g. marble, ignite

A

metamorphic rocks

43
Q

a naturally formed solid elements or compounds having crystalline structure

A

minerals

44
Q

science that deals with the identification & classification of compounds

A

mineralogy

45
Q

resistance of mineral to being scratched

A

hardness

46
Q

what is the softest rocks according to Moh’s scale

A

talc

47
Q

what is the hardest rocks according to Moh’s scale

A

diamond

48
Q

the process of breaking down rocks into smaller particles to become soil

A

weathering

49
Q

what are the mechanical or physical disintegration of rocks

A

-frost wedging
-thermal expansion and contraction
-mechanical exfoliation

50
Q

what weathering when water expands when it freezes

A

frost wedging

51
Q

heating & cooling of rocks

A

thermal expansion and contraction

52
Q

results of the expansion of rocks as they break apart in layers parallel to the earth’s surface

A

mechanical exfoliation

53
Q

disintegration of rocks by chemical agents

A

oxidation

54
Q

transportation of rock masses from one place to another

A

erosion

GENERAL SCIENCE (9 decks)

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