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GENERAL SCIENCE > ECOLOGY > Flashcards

ECOLOGY Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

study of environment and interaction between organisms

A

ecology

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2
Q

the layer of earth that supports all life forms

A

biosphere

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3
Q

refers to the environment where living & nonliving things exist & interact w/ one another

A

ecosystem

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4
Q

living factors

A

biotic factors

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5
Q

nonliving factors e.g. sun, air, temperature

A

abiotic factors

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6
Q

what are the different food dependency relationships

A

producers
consumers
herbivores
carnivores
omnivores
scavengers
decomposers

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7
Q

what animals that are primary sources of energy; can make their own food (autotrophs)

A

producers

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8
Q

animals that feed on other organisms in order to survive (heterotrophs)

A

consumers

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9
Q

primary consumers animals/ eats plants

A

herbivores

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10
Q

secondary consumers/ eat meats

A

carnivores

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11
Q

tertiary consumers/ eat both meat and plants

A

omnivores

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12
Q

animals that feed predominantly on dead plants and animals

A

scavengers

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13
Q

hasten the decay of and decomposition of animal matter

A

decomposers

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14
Q

the roles performed by living thing in the ecosystems

A

ecological niche

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15
Q

place where organisms stay

A

habitat

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16
Q

transfer of sun’s energy from producers to consumers as organism feed on one another

A

food chain

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17
Q

overlapping food chains

A

food web

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18
Q

what are the different cycles in ecosystem

A

water cycle
carbon-oxygen cycle
nitrogen cycle
phosphorus cycle

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19
Q

fixed form of nitrogen

A

nitrate ions NO3-
ammonium ions NH4+
urea (NH2)2C0

20
Q

BREAKS APART NITROGEN MOLECULE

A

nitrogen fixation

21
Q

breaks apart nitrogen by lightning; dissolves in rain, forming nitrates

A

atmospheric fixation

22
Q

breaks apart nitrogen by microbes, requires ATP (adenosine triphosphate) the major energy provider of cell

A

biological fixation

23
Q

breaks apart nitrogen by products;
ammonia (NH3)
urea (NH2)2CO
ammonium nitrate (NH4NH3)

A

industrial fixation

24
Q

molecules are broken down further into ammonia (NH3)

A

decay

25
Q

most of the ammonia produced by decay is converted into nitrates

A

nitrification

26
Q

reduces nitrates and nitrates to nitrogen gas

A

denitrification

27
Q

example of phosphate that weathers from rocks and minerals

A

apatite

28
Q

phosphate is washed in water through

A

erosion and leaching by rain

29
Q

in, soil phosphate is absorbed on what

A

iron oxides
aluminum hydroxides

30
Q

water plants and algae use phosphate as?

A

nutrients

31
Q

what plants use phosphate as nutrients

A

water plants and algae

32
Q

what species interaction refer to intimate or close association of two organisms of different species

A

symbiosis

33
Q

what species interaction where both organisms benefit

A

mutualism

34
Q

what species interaction where one member benefits while other is not affected (commensal-host)

A

commensalism

35
Q

what species interaction where one member benefit while the other is harmed (parasite-host)

A

parasitism

36
Q

what is the name of the host in commensalism

A

commensal

37
Q

hat is the name of the host in parasitism

A

parasite

38
Q

what do you call the external parasites

A

ectoparasite

39
Q

what do you call the internal parasite

A

endoparasite

40
Q

what species interaction refers to relationship in which one organisms attacks, kills and feeds on another

A

predation

41
Q

what do you call the prey in predation

A

predator

42
Q

what species interaction where two or more organisms compete or struggle with one another for limited food, water, etc.

A

competition

43
Q

competition between different species

A

interspecific

44
Q

competition between same species

A

intraspecific

45
Q

competition where behavioral adaptation exhibited by the member of a group

A

cooperation

GENERAL SCIENCE (9 decks)

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