Geology 101 Day 1 Flashcards
Qualitive Data
Pictures, decriptions
Quantative Data
Figures
2 types of Data
Qualitive and Quantitive
Hypothesis
a testable explanation
Theory
hypothesis that has survived many tests, accepted by scientific community as a potential explanation
Dynamic
Continuous productive activity or change
Rock formed by Magma
Igneous
Rock formed from weather and erosion
Sedimentary Rock
Rock formed by extreme heat and pressure
Metamorphic
Uniformitarianism
Assumption that the physical laws of the universe are constant over time
Rock precipitated directly from hot water
Hydrothermal
Rock cycle steps
Weathering-Erosion and Transport- Deposition- Burial and lithification- Deformation and Metamorphisism- Melting- Solidification- Uplift
Rock cycle step where wind and other factors create sediment
Weathering
Rock cycle step where loosened pieces are stripped away and are moved by the elements
Erosion and Transport
Rock cycle step where sediment is deposited, buried, and compacted
Burial and lithification
Lithification
sediment to rock formed by natural cement in chemicals contained in underground water
deformation
strong forces squeeze rock and fold its layers
rock cycle step where rock is squeezed or heated
Deformation and Metamorphism
rock cycle step caused by rock being exposed to high temperature
melting
rock cycle step where magma cools and solidifies
solidification
rock cycle step where rocks are pushed back to the surface
uplift
Trading location for time
Uses characteristics of different landscapes to represent different stages of evolution for comparison
Name the 4 Sequences of geological events
- Youngest layer on top, oldest on bottom
- A geological feature (fault) is younger than a rock unit or features a crosscut (magma cutting into rock)
- A younger rock or deposit can include pieces of older rock
- A magma bake can change older rocks nearby
Type of map that emphasis shape of the land by simulating light and dark shading on hills and valleys
Shaded-relief map
Type of map that shows elevation of land with a series of lines called contours
Topographic Map
Type of map that uses measurements of different wavelengths of light reflecting from a land surface (colored)
Satellite map
Type of map that represents the ditribution of rock units and geological features exposed to the surface
Geological map
Elevation
Height above sea level
Depth
Height below sea level
Topographic Relief
difference in elevation from one feature to another
HIgh Relief Area
Large change in elevation between two areas
3D diagram that shows shape of land surface and subsurface of rock units
block diagram
2D figure that shows two dimensional slice through land
Cross section
Section that shows rock units stacked on top of one another
Stratigraphic Section