Geological hazards

Question 1

are naturally occurring geologic conditions that can cause immense damage to properties and loss of lives

Answer 1

Geologic hazards

Question 2

This is the sudden movement of Earth’s crust that results from the release of accumulated strain from tectonic and volcanic activities.

Answer 2

Earthquake

Question 3

Parts of an Earthquake

Answer 3

Hypocenter or focus
Epicenter
Faults

Question 4

refers to the actual location of the first motion that causes the earthquake

Answer 4

Hypocenter or focus

Question 5

is the point on Earth’s surface directly above the focus

Answer 5

Epicenter

Question 6

are planes of fracture in rock bodies.

Answer 6

Faults

Question 7

Effects of an Earthquake

Answer 7

Ground shaking .
Liquefaction
Surface faulting

Question 8

is the vibration of the ground during an earthquake.

Answer 8

Ground shaking

Question 9

is where soil loses strength temporarily and behaves as a liquid.

Answer 9

Liquefaction

Question 10

is the tearing of the ground surface caused by displacement along faults during earthquakes.

Answer 10

Surface faulting

Question 11

Blank is the measure of the ground shaking based on damage to properties. Each blank scale is based on the geography and geological considerations of each country.

Answer 11

Intensity

Question 12

on the other hand is the amount of energy released by the earthquake. The Richter scale is used to rate the magnitude of an earthquake, that is the amount of energy released during an earthquake. It is determined by seismographs, which is an instrument used to detect and record earthquakes.

Answer 12

Magnitude

Question 13

measures energy waves emitted by earthquake using seismographs

Answer 13

The richter scale

Question 14

is an instrument used to detect and record earthquakes.

Answer 14

seismographs,

Question 15

is the discharge of materials and gas from the interior of the volcano to the surface and to the atmosphere.

Answer 15

Volcanic eruption

Question 16

Movement of Materials: Volcanic Eruptions

Answer 16

Pyroclastic flows
Basal flow
Turbulent ash cloud
Lahar

Question 17

are the rapid movement of masses of hot and dry pyroclastic materials and gases along the surface during an eruption

Answer 17

Pyroclastic flows

Question 18

is a dense mixture of gas, ash and volcanic rocks.

Answer 18

Basal flow

Question 19

includes pyroclastic surges and columns of ash.

Answer 19

Turbulent ash cloud

Question 20

is a catastrophic mudflow on the slopes of volcanoes.

Answer 20

Lahar

Question 21

is the general term that refers to the movement of Earth material down slopes

Answer 21

Landslides or mass wasting

Question 22

Landslide Types

Answer 22

Rockfall
Earthflows
Mudflows

Question 23

occur when water seeps into the soil and bedrock causing breakage and flow.

Answer 23

Earthflows

Question 23

is the fall of unconsolidated material.

Answer 23

Rockfall

Question 24

are composed of a mixture of water and volcanic materials.

Answer 24

Mudflows

Question 25

are created by weather disturbances such as an earthquake, landslide, volcanic eruption, or meteorite.
A series of waves is formed.

Answer 25

Tsunamis

Question 26

can both cause landslides to occur.

Answer 26

Natural phenomena and human activities

Question 27

Construction can cause changes in slopes, changes in surface water and groundwater regimes, removal of vegetation and mining activities.

Changes in groundwater and surface water regimes may be brought in due to changes in irrigation.
If done improperly, this may lead to increase in erosion or can load a slope or raise the groundwater table.

Removal of soil and vegetation can cause landslides.
The rate of erosion is also increased with removal of soil cover.
Mining activities may weaken the ground and cause it to collapse.

Answer 27

Human Activities