Geologic Processes within the Earth Flashcards
It is the slow process of deformation and movements of the Earth’s crust.
Diastropism
Mountain building and continent building are examples of
Diastropism
the result is the most common type of mountain called
fold mountains.
It is a mountain building process that takes place at a convergent plate margin.
Orogeny
It is the texture and mineral composition of rocks that are altered in response to elevated temperature and pressure.
metamorphism.
The process of ——– does not melt the rocks, but instead transforms them into denser, more compact rocks.
metamorphism
Continents also minimize in size when new mountain belts reduce along their margin. T or F?
False (grow larger)
were formed in Eastern to Northeastern America. It is 2400 km.
Appalachians
It is associated with energy originating from the interior of the solid Earth.
Endogenic process?
It refers to the movement of magma or molten rock toward the Earth’s surface
VOLCANISM
It is composed of dissolved gases and suspended mineral grains or crystals.
Magma
Magma has a typical temperature of
700˚C to 1300˚C.
formation of magma that occur by the rise of upwelling of mantle material to a region of lower pressure without a loss of heat or a changes in temperature.
Decomposition melting
It is the addition of volatiles, such as water, carbon dioxide, and sulfur gases in rocks.
Flux melting
Flux melting is under what type of plate boundary
convergent plate boundary.
Decomposition melting usually occurs under what plate boundary
usually occurs in divergent plate boundaries
When magma intrudes the cold crust and undergoes solidification, it loses and transfers its heat into the intruded crust, high enough to melt the surrounding rocks into new magma.
Heat transfer
Magma is categorized into three major types
Basaltic, andesitic, and rhyolitic.
Basaltic Magma
It is composed of 45% to 55% silica with high amount of iron and magnesium and traces of potassium and sodium.
Andesitic Magma
It consists of 55% to 65% silica with fair amount of iron, magnesium, calcium, sodium, and potassium.
Rhyolitic Magma
It is composed of 65% to 75% silica with high amount of potassium and sodium, and traces of iron, magnesium, and calcium.
What is the most viscous type of magma?
Rhyolithic
Three general types of volcanoes
shield volcano, cinder/tephra cone, and stratovolcano/composite
EXAMPLES OF SHIELD VOLCANOES
TAAL VOLCANO - MOUNT BANAHAW - KANLAON
STRATOVOLCANO VOLCANO
MAYON VOLCANO - ISAROG VOLCANO
CINDER CONE VOLCANO
MUSUAN VOLCANO - MOUNT MAYABOBO
Volcanoes that are morphologically young-looking but with no historical record of eruption.
Partially active volcanoes
has no record of eruption and if its physical form is altered by the formation of deep and long gullies due to weathering and erosion.
Innactive volcano
It can be considered an active volcano if it has:
- erupted within the last 600 years
- erupted within the last 10,000 years based on the analyses of datable materials.
- been recorded by human history