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Geography 104 Farano > Geography Test 4 > Flashcards

Geography Test 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What countries dominate South Asia?

A

India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh

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2
Q

Where does a majority of flooding take place in South Asia?

A

Seasonal flooding is mostly in Bangladesh; cyclones form over the Bay of Bengal

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3
Q

As trees are cleared from the mountains and foothills of the Himalayas, what happens and where?

A

Runoff increases in the lowlands of Bangladesh, Pakistan and norther India.

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4
Q

According to a 2014 world health organization study, there were how many cities that were claimed to be the dirtiest in India out of 20?

A

13 cities; Delhi is six times greater than the WHO’s recommended maximum

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5
Q

What is orographic precipitation and where does it take place?

A

Orographic rainfall is caused by the uplifting and cooling of moist monsoon winds over the Western Ghats and the Himalayan foothills.

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6
Q

What is the severity of climate change in South Asia?

A

A minor rise in sea level will inundate large areas of the Ganges-Brahmaputra in Bangladesh; Maldives will vanish beneath the waves

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7
Q

What is South Asia’s northern rim of mountains dominated by and what borders does it form?

A

The great Himalaya range; forms borders of India, Nepal, and Bhutan

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8
Q

What mountains are in the east and where do they form their borders between?

A

Arakan Yoma Mountains; form between India and Burma (Myanmar) and separate South Asia from Southeast

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9
Q

South Asia is dominated by what what two climates and what does it result in?

A

tropical and subtropical; have a heavy rainfall during summer that is associated with the southwest monsoons

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10
Q

What are monsoons?

A

seasonal change of wind direction that corresponds to wet and dry periods

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11
Q

What happens in winter of South Asia that creates these monsoons?

A

high-pressure system forms over the cold Asian landmass resulting in dry winds; winds diminish after winter and create a low-pressure cell that causes a shift for warm-moist air to move towards the interior

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12
Q

What is the outcome of the Green Revolution? (good and bad)

A

India more than doubled its annual grain production between in 25 years; but there was a chemical dependency on new crop strains

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13
Q

What are the slums in India called?

A

Bustees

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14
Q

Along what two rivers are their high densities of people found in the fertile plains of India?

A

Indus and Ganges

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15
Q

About how many people in South Asia live in cities?

A

one third

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16
Q

Which country in South Asia has the world’s largest refugee populations and where are they coming from?

A

Pakistan; Afghanistan

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17
Q

What is the main cause of the shantytowns growing so rapidly?

A

internal migration

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18
Q

What are the two main causes to South Asia’s environmental problems?

A

dense population and rapid industrialization

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19
Q

What is the dominant religion in central India by 90%?

A

Hinduism

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20
Q

What are the four main areas in India where muslims are concentrated?

A

Kashmir, vale of Kashmir, central Ganges Plain, southwestern state of Kerala,

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21
Q

Where did Sikhism originate?

A

Originated between the boundaries India and Pakistan and has both Muslim and Hinduism elements

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22
Q

Where does Buddhism dominate?

A

Northern region of South Asia (Nepal, Bhutan) and also in Sri Lanka

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23
Q

What two languages extend into both Pakistan and Bangladesh?

A

Punjabi and Bengali

24
Q

What is the most widely spoken language in South Asia and with how many native speakers?

A

Hindi; 500 million

25
Q

Where can the dravidian language family be found?

A

in Southern India;

26
Q

Where does the Tibeto-Burman language dominate?

A

Norther rim along the South Asia’s mountains

27
Q

Who were the Tamil Tigers and what were they fighting for?

A

Rebel forces who attacked the Sri Lankan army; Sri Lanka fought back and killed their leaders

28
Q

What countries are included as the mainland in Southeast Asia?

A

Burma, Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam

29
Q

What countries are included as insular in Southeast Asia?

A

Indonesia, Philippines, Malaysia, and small countries of Singapore, Brunei, and East Timor

30
Q

What is considered a city state in Southeast Asia?

A

Singapore

31
Q

What is slash and burn and where is it commonly practiced?

A

It is the swidden system and happens in the uplands of Southeast Asia

32
Q

What is the main environmental problem in Southeast Asia?

A

Deforestation

33
Q

What are the tropical forests being destroyed by?

A

A combination of commercial logging and agricultural settlement

34
Q

What is transmigration and where is it happening?

A

it is the relocation of people from one region to another within its national territory; Indonesia

35
Q

What is most of insular southeast Asia climate characterized by?

A

hot and humid of the equatorial

36
Q

What is most of mainland southeast Asia climate characterized by?

A

seasonally wet and has dry climates of the tropical monsoon and tropical savanna types

37
Q

What are the patterns of religion in southeast Asia?

A

Most of mainland is Buddhist;

38
Q

What countries is Theravada Buddhism dominant?

A

Burma, Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia

39
Q

Mahayana Buddhism is dominant in what country?

A

Vietnam

40
Q

The Philippines is dominantly ___ but the rest of insular southeast Asia is what in religion?

A

Roman Catholic; Muslim

41
Q

What is the most dominate language for almost all of insular Southeast Asia?

A

Austronesian

42
Q

What countries are included in the Golden Triangle and what’s produced here?

A

Behrma, Thailand, and Laos; Opium

43
Q

How many major languages does the Philippines contain?

A

8 language

44
Q

What language is known as trade (lingua franca) languages in Southeast Asia and who is it native to?

A

Malay language; Malay Peninsula, eastern Sumatra, and coastal Borneo

45
Q

What is the Philippines TFR?

A

3.1

46
Q

Which country in southeast Asia has their TFR noticeably decreasing?

A

Singapore

47
Q

Which island of Indonesia has the highest rural population density?

A

Java

48
Q

In mainland southeast Asia, where do concentrated populations settle?

A

In the valleys and deltas of the regions large rivers

49
Q

Who were the Khmer Rouge?

A

Communist guerillas of Cambodia during the Vietnam War

50
Q

What are the dominant climate patterns of Australia and Oceania?

A

Equatorial Pacific zones are warm all year and contain humidity; Australian interior is dry dominated by subtropical high pressure

51
Q

What nations are included in the Australia and Oceanic region?

A

Australia, New Zealand, Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia

52
Q

What is Australia best known for animal wise and why?

A

Marsupials (Kangaroos, koala, possum, etc.) and platypus; its geologically isolated

53
Q

Who are the native people of Australia and New Zealand

A

Australia: Aborigines; New Zealand: Maori

54
Q

Where is Pidgin English found?

A

Solomons, Vanuatu, and New Guinea

55
Q

What is the population distribution of Australia?

A

Sydney and Melbourne account for half of Australia’s population

56
Q

Where do more than 70% of New Zealand’s population live?

A

North Island of Auckland

57
Q

What are the three stages of atolls?

A

1st stage: fringent; 2nd stage: barrier reef; 3rd stage: atoll

Geography 104 Farano (4 decks)

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