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Geography Changing Places Flashcards

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1
Q

Which poem did we study about insider /outsider perspective

A

California hills in august

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2
Q

Give a quote from an insider

A

“How gentle it seemed to someone raised in a landscape short of rain”

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3
Q

Give a quote from an outsider

A

“Climbed the hillside in the heat, cursing the dust”

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4
Q

Where is the example of continuity and how?

A

Bournville, retains positive ethos and values of the Cadbury family

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5
Q

How effective have changes been in Medellin

A

Integrated social classes through gondolas - connect Shanty town to city, still high crime/drugs

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6
Q

How does the song New York represent New York positively

A

“Big lights will inspire you” inspirational/ amazing experiences

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7
Q

How does the song New York represent New York negatively

A

“Hunger for more than an empty fridge” homeless/unequal

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8
Q

Where was the reimaging/ rebranding example

A

Amsterdam

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9
Q

Why did it need reimaging/rebranding

A

Poor reputation, soft drugs/prostitution

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10
Q

What did they do to rebrand Amsterdam

A

I Amsterdam slogan 8000 pics a day encouraging tourism.

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11
Q

What is Amsterdam now classed as

A

One of top 5 European countries to visit based on brand and culture

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12
Q

Example of a corporate body who aims to sell the place to visitors and market positive perceptions

A

Visit Britain website

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13
Q

What happened to employment in vickers factory from 1940-1970

A

17000 decrease

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14
Q

When did the shipyards start to decline in Newcastle

A

1970-1990

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15
Q

When did riots occur in inner city areas in Newcastle

A

1991/1992

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16
Q

How much money was given to help fund the regeneration of the quayside

A

430 mill gov money
1114 mill private sector money

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17
Q

What does UDC stand for and why were they set up

A

Urban development corporation- to regenerate inner city areas with large amounts of derelict land/ vacant land

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18
Q

What was renewed along the quayside

A

Baltic flour mill closed in 1981- now the Baltic art museum opened in 2002 worth 50mill
The riverside nightclub- old fish market building

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19
Q

Who were given the task of regenerating the quayside

A

Tyne and Wear development corporation 50km of riverside

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20
Q

What we’re other ways of regenerating quayside

A

Street art
Walk ways
Trees to improve env

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21
Q

Examples of redevelopment at quayside

A

Sage worth over £70 million in 2004
Office blocks
Quayside flats

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22
Q

What were the aims of the regeneration of the quayside

A

Create new business districts
Increase employment
Improve env and leisure facilities

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23
Q

Ways the regeneration of quayside has been a success

A

2000 local job opportunities
From derelict wasteland to thriving area

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24
Q

Ways the regeneration of quayside hasn’t been a success

A

Locals relocated
Land was bought through compulsory order
Focuses on service sector, no manufacturing so skilled workers had to look elsewhere

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25
Q

What is the example of gentrification

A

Nottinghill

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26
Q

Why was nottinghill in decline

A

1950s slum
Working class area- tiny terraced housing

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27
Q

What we’re the benefits of gentrification

A

Increased property prices- more wealthy thriving area
Less vacant buildings
Carnivals and markets

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28
Q

What we’re the problems of gentrification

A

Conflicts and relocation

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29
Q

What did the gov introduce in 1940s and why

A

GREENBELT- areas of open space and low-density land use around urban areas with controlled development

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30
Q

What is our surburbanisation example

A

GREST park - gosforth

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31
Q

Why could they build on the greenbelt at GREST park

A

Labour gov relaxed rules and local council adopted it

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32
Q

Why build great park

A

4500 new homes
Close to A1- major transport link

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33
Q

Reasons against GREST park

A

Houses cost £188000, not affordable
Red squirrel in danger

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34
Q

Where is there space to develop new homes instead of great park

A

Byker/ Ben well (inner city) space for 20,000 new homes

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35
Q

What is causing conflict in the Lake District?

A

Second home ownership

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36
Q

What % of homes unoccupied all year in one village in the Lake District

A

70%

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37
Q

How many second homes are there in farrow

A

4000

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38
Q

What are the second homes leading to a decline in

A

Schools, doctors, post offices

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39
Q

Which city is known as being heterogenous

A

LA

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40
Q

Name 3 different areas in LA

A

Skid row, gated community, chinatown

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41
Q

Why is LA so diverse

A

Immigration from Mexico/ asia

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42
Q

Where successfully stopped Costa/ clone town

A

Totness Devon

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43
Q

How many people signed the petition

A

600/8500 residents

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44
Q

How many coffee shops do totness have

A

42

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45
Q

What is a place meaning

A

Relates to individual or collective perceptions of a place

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46
Q

What is a representation of a place

A

How a place is seen or portrayed in society

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47
Q

What is place marketing

A

Marketing/ public relations employed by national or local gov to improve positive perception of a place via advertising, logos, creation and promotion of events.

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48
Q

What is the aim of rebranding

A

Make a location a desirable place to live and visit to shop and spend money

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49
Q

How’s best to regenerate a place

A

Start with insiders and get a thorough understanding of a place. Difficult as pre existing residents want to protect local uniqueness

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50
Q

What are corporate bodies

A

Organisations that what to manipulate the perception of a place

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51
Q

What are agents of change

A

Gov policies- e.g regeneration schemes
Decisions of multinational corporations- costa totness, McDonald’s killy
Impacts of global institutions- who, world bank- development projects in Haiti

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52
Q

What is place making

A

Deliberate shaping of env for social interaction and to improve a xoumminitys quality of life

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53
Q

What is place

A

Location with meaning

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54
Q

What is sense of place

A

Subjective + emotional attachment to a place
Comes through experience

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55
Q

What is the perception of a place

A

Way a place is viewed or regsrded

56
Q

What is locale

A

Place where something happens or has particular events associated with it

57
Q

Location?

A

Where the place is

58
Q

What affects perceptions of placd

A

Experiences
Media
Influence
Insider or outsider

59
Q

What is the difference between place and space

A

Place is a space with with meaning
Space is an area with no meaning

60
Q

What is the tripartite model of place attachment

A

A model of place attachment that forms through person, place, process
Person- milestones, experiences, culture
Place- social factors, physical factors
Process- memory, sense of feeling there

61
Q

What is placelessness

A

Place that lacks uniqueness

62
Q

What are approaches to studying placd

A

Descriptive- distinct set of places- each place is unique
Social constructivist- places are the way they are because of social processes at a time
Phenomenological approach- feelings about a place not what is physically there

63
Q

What is an experienced place

A

Places a person has spent time in

64
Q

What is a media place

A

Places the person has only read about or seen on film

65
Q

What are endogenous factors

A

Those that originate internally

66
Q

What are exogenous factors

A

Those that originate externally . Include links or influences with other places

67
Q

What is gentrification

A

Inner urban area that is unfashionable + neglected is upgraded or it’s status is improved

68
Q

What is the difference between gentrification and regeneration

A

Regeneration refers to policies and practices to tackle social economic and environmental issues together. Gentrification is wealthy coming in and trying to make an area more affluent

69
Q

What is surburbinisation

A

A movement of people and services away from the inner city to the edge of built up areas

70
Q

What are key factors explaining rural change

A

Improvement in transport
Increased standards of living
Decrease in size of households

71
Q

What is counter-urbanisation

A

Surbanisstion but bring urban attitudes. House prices increase, industry and retailing move to rural areas.

72
Q

Who move to rural settlements

A

Families who prefer safer env
Commuters
Retired people

73
Q

What does the clone town survey show in byker

A

Few chain stores 21 but still independent stores

74
Q

Why are environmental quality index’s useful

A

Can compare locations
Gives env characteristics

75
Q

Why are environmental quality index’s not useful

A

Subjective
No local insider opinions
Varies depending on time of day or year

76
Q

What do people feel about the changes in killingworth

A

“Change for the better”
“Changed from a quiet village to a busy town”- past connections not maintained very well

77
Q

What do killingworth questionnaire results show

A

Most lived through modernisation- nearly 90% think successful
Want to improve green space and not build more houses and want more local businesses- 32 people

78
Q

What does the map of byker show

A

Lots of churches
Urban area
High pop
Family area
Transport links

79
Q

What is a brownfield site?

A

A site that has previously been built on

80
Q

What is regeneration

A

Long term upgrading of areas to bring about social and economic change

81
Q

What is homogenisation

A

Cultures interlinking and process where places resemble other places more

82
Q

What is topophilia

A

A love for a place

83
Q

Wgat is topophobia

A

A fear of a place

84
Q

What are examples of past connections in killingworth

A

Plough inn- rebuilt in1920- a pub
Killingworth arms- built out of Northumbrian farm house

85
Q

When were the killingworth towers built

A

1968-72

86
Q

What is the mean age of killingworth

A

40

87
Q

What % of people are are white British

A

95%

88
Q

What % of people are Christian in 2001-2011 in killingworth

A

79%-64%

89
Q

What % of people in killingworth are in very good health

A

48%

90
Q

How many people are economically active and in full time work in killingworth

A

46% . Higher than England average

91
Q

What jobs do the majority of people do in killingworth

A

Wholesale/retail

92
Q

What % of people own their homes outright/mortgage in killingworth

A

45%

93
Q

What is killingworth known as and when was it developed

A

New town 1960s70s

94
Q

What was killingworth like beforehand

A

Mining area/ derelict land

95
Q

What theme does killingworth follow

A

Medieval. Central area- shops (castle)
Roads surrounding= protection
Road between lakes- drawbridge and castel

96
Q

How is there a community spirit in killingworth

A

Schools naming buildings
Shops
Social clubs

97
Q

Exogenous links in killingworth

A

Most residents commute to Newcastle
Near London-Edinburgh railway line
Bus station

98
Q

What examples are there of social inequality in killingworth

A

12% child poverty although lower than uk average
Poorer people have been forced to live in vandalised flats

99
Q

In 1841 how many people lived in killingworth . By 2011 how many

A

112 -20,000

100
Q

When was the killingworth lakes built

A

1964

101
Q

When we’re the killingworth towers demolished

A

1987

102
Q

What negative perceptions were there of the killingworth towers

A

Crime, vandalism “colditz”

103
Q

When was the old killingworth shopping centre demolished

A

1980s- 2000s new centre built

104
Q

Who joined in 2010 in killingworth

A

Kfc/McDonald’s

105
Q

What percentage of housing is owned by the council in killingworth

A

15%

106
Q

What is the average house price in killingworth

A

£172000

107
Q

What is the percentage of open space in killingworth

A

44%

108
Q

Where is byker

A

Inner city ward of Newcastle

109
Q

Describe byker in the 1960s

A

Terraced housing, low quality for shop workers. Little open space

110
Q

When was the byker wall built

A

1971

111
Q

Why was the byker wall built

A

Improve the appareance of an area, affordable, block traffic noise

112
Q

What we’re the opinions of byker in 1960s

A

Everyone stuck together, helped one another

113
Q

What happened in the 1960s in byker

A

3000 left
Worst inject city problems
The byker for people policy set up to discuss changes and involve residents

114
Q

When did redevelopments start in byker and why were they necessary

A

1970s poor housing, houses too small for families

115
Q

What we’re the proposals for the new development of byker in 1970s

A

Family orientated, free of traffic, small shipping centre

116
Q

How did residents feel about the redevelopment of byker

A

60% happy/agreed

117
Q

What % of people felt there was sense of community spirit after redevelopment in byker

A

60%

118
Q

What % of shields road retail floor space was unused in 2017

A

19.6%

119
Q

How many vacant shops in byker compared to previous 1980s

A

5 now 20

120
Q

What is in place in byker to reduce crime rate

A

Collabs with Northumbria police and byker community trust - anti-social behaviour reduced by 80%

121
Q

What was byker awarded in 2020

A

Award for best neighbourhood transformstion

122
Q

What % of byker are white British

A

62.5%

123
Q

What is byker like

A

Working class area, lots of terraced housing. Average house price £83000

124
Q

% of houses rented in byker

A

76.8%

125
Q

How many people with no qualifications and why in byker

A

Over half. More physical rather than academic. Due to industrial decline

126
Q

Why are gis maps useful

A

Can see links between age, income , housing type due to colours
Can compare data to other places
Wide representation of place

127
Q

Why are gis maps not useful

A

No insider opinions
Average score- doesn’t see variation

128
Q

How do insider / outsider views differ for byker

A

Strong community l/ dump

129
Q

How many people live in byker wall

A

9500

130
Q

What was the byker wall referred to in 1982

A

An eyesore. Negative rep of anti social behaviour

131
Q

How has byker pop changed

A

Decline in 1981- 33,000 left
Increase in 1891- 50,000 entering

132
Q

What are advs of census data

A

Detailed picture of whole pop
Easy to compare different areas

133
Q

Disadvs of census

A

Outdated

134
Q

What has happened to demographics in killingworth 2001-2011 census

A

60-64% increase 2%. Suggests low levels of out migration.
Decrease in 3% white British
Decrease in rented housing- 9%

135
Q

What % in full time work byker

A

Over 25% needed as low wages

136
Q

Changes in 2001-2011 byker

A

10% decrease in white British
Manufacturing Nearly halved

Geography (8 decks)

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