Geography Changing Places Flashcards
1
Q
Which poem did we study about insider /outsider perspective
A
California hills in august
2
Q
Give a quote from an insider
A
“How gentle it seemed to someone raised in a landscape short of rain”
3
Q
Give a quote from an outsider
A
“Climbed the hillside in the heat, cursing the dust”
4
Q
Where is the example of continuity and how?
A
Bournville, retains positive ethos and values of the Cadbury family
5
Q
How effective have changes been in Medellin
A
Integrated social classes through gondolas - connect Shanty town to city, still high crime/drugs
6
Q
How does the song New York represent New York positively
A
“Big lights will inspire you” inspirational/ amazing experiences
7
Q
How does the song New York represent New York negatively
A
“Hunger for more than an empty fridge” homeless/unequal
8
Q
Where was the reimaging/ rebranding example
A
Amsterdam
9
Q
Why did it need reimaging/rebranding
A
Poor reputation, soft drugs/prostitution
10
Q
What did they do to rebrand Amsterdam
A
I Amsterdam slogan 8000 pics a day encouraging tourism.
11
Q
What is Amsterdam now classed as
A
One of top 5 European countries to visit based on brand and culture
12
Q
Example of a corporate body who aims to sell the place to visitors and market positive perceptions
A
Visit Britain website
13
Q
What happened to employment in vickers factory from 1940-1970
A
17000 decrease
14
Q
When did the shipyards start to decline in Newcastle
A
1970-1990
15
Q
When did riots occur in inner city areas in Newcastle
A
1991/1992
16
Q
How much money was given to help fund the regeneration of the quayside
A
430 mill gov money
1114 mill private sector money
17
Q
What does UDC stand for and why were they set up
A
Urban development corporation- to regenerate inner city areas with large amounts of derelict land/ vacant land
18
Q
What was renewed along the quayside
A
Baltic flour mill closed in 1981- now the Baltic art museum opened in 2002 worth 50mill
The riverside nightclub- old fish market building
19
Q
Who were given the task of regenerating the quayside
A
Tyne and Wear development corporation 50km of riverside
20
Q
What we’re other ways of regenerating quayside
A
Street art
Walk ways
Trees to improve env
21
Q
Examples of redevelopment at quayside
A
Sage worth over £70 million in 2004
Office blocks
Quayside flats
22
Q
What were the aims of the regeneration of the quayside
A
Create new business districts
Increase employment
Improve env and leisure facilities
23
Q
Ways the regeneration of quayside has been a success
A
2000 local job opportunities
From derelict wasteland to thriving area
24
Q
Ways the regeneration of quayside hasn’t been a success
A
Locals relocated
Land was bought through compulsory order
Focuses on service sector, no manufacturing so skilled workers had to look elsewhere
25
What is the example of gentrification
Nottinghill
26
Why was nottinghill in decline
1950s slum
Working class area- tiny terraced housing
27
What we’re the benefits of gentrification
Increased property prices- more wealthy thriving area
Less vacant buildings
Carnivals and markets
28
What we’re the problems of gentrification
Conflicts and relocation
29
What did the gov introduce in 1940s and why
GREENBELT- areas of open space and low-density land use around urban areas with controlled development
30
What is our surburbanisation example
GREST park - gosforth
31
Why could they build on the greenbelt at GREST park
Labour gov relaxed rules and local council adopted it
32
Why build great park
4500 new homes
Close to A1- major transport link
33
Reasons against GREST park
Houses cost £188000, not affordable
Red squirrel in danger
34
Where is there space to develop new homes instead of great park
Byker/ Ben well (inner city) space for 20,000 new homes
35
What is causing conflict in the Lake District?
Second home ownership
36
What % of homes unoccupied all year in one village in the Lake District
70%
37
How many second homes are there in farrow
4000
38
What are the second homes leading to a decline in
Schools, doctors, post offices
39
Which city is known as being heterogenous
LA
40
Name 3 different areas in LA
Skid row, gated community, chinatown
41
Why is LA so diverse
Immigration from Mexico/ asia
42
Where successfully stopped Costa/ clone town
Totness Devon
43
How many people signed the petition
600/8500 residents
44
How many coffee shops do totness have
42
45
What is a place meaning
Relates to individual or collective perceptions of a place
46
What is a representation of a place
How a place is seen or portrayed in society
47
What is place marketing
Marketing/ public relations employed by national or local gov to improve positive perception of a place via advertising, logos, creation and promotion of events.
48
What is the aim of rebranding
Make a location a desirable place to live and visit to shop and spend money
49
How’s best to regenerate a place
Start with insiders and get a thorough understanding of a place. Difficult as pre existing residents want to protect local uniqueness
50
What are corporate bodies
Organisations that what to manipulate the perception of a place
51
What are agents of change
Gov policies- e.g regeneration schemes
Decisions of multinational corporations- costa totness, McDonald’s killy
Impacts of global institutions- who, world bank- development projects in Haiti
52
What is place making
Deliberate shaping of env for social interaction and to improve a xoumminitys quality of life
53
What is place
Location with meaning
54
What is sense of place
Subjective + emotional attachment to a place
Comes through experience
55
What is the perception of a place
Way a place is viewed or regsrded
56
What is locale
Place where something happens or has particular events associated with it
57
Location?
Where the place is
58
What affects perceptions of placd
Experiences
Media
Influence
Insider or outsider
59
What is the difference between place and space
Place is a space with with meaning
Space is an area with no meaning
60
What is the tripartite model of place attachment
A model of place attachment that forms through person, place, process
Person- milestones, experiences, culture
Place- social factors, physical factors
Process- memory, sense of feeling there
61
What is placelessness
Place that lacks uniqueness
62
What are approaches to studying placd
Descriptive- distinct set of places- each place is unique
Social constructivist- places are the way they are because of social processes at a time
Phenomenological approach- feelings about a place not what is physically there
63
What is an experienced place
Places a person has spent time in
64
What is a media place
Places the person has only read about or seen on film
65
What are endogenous factors
Those that originate internally
66
What are exogenous factors
Those that originate externally . Include links or influences with other places
67
What is gentrification
Inner urban area that is unfashionable + neglected is upgraded or it’s status is improved
68
What is the difference between gentrification and regeneration
Regeneration refers to policies and practices to tackle social economic and environmental issues together. Gentrification is wealthy coming in and trying to make an area more affluent
69
What is surburbinisation
A movement of people and services away from the inner city to the edge of built up areas
70
What are key factors explaining rural change
Improvement in transport
Increased standards of living
Decrease in size of households
71
What is counter-urbanisation
Surbanisstion but bring urban attitudes. House prices increase, industry and retailing move to rural areas.
72
Who move to rural settlements
Families who prefer safer env
Commuters
Retired people
73
What does the clone town survey show in byker
Few chain stores 21 but still independent stores
74
Why are environmental quality index’s useful
Can compare locations
Gives env characteristics
75
Why are environmental quality index’s not useful
Subjective
No local insider opinions
Varies depending on time of day or year
76
What do people feel about the changes in killingworth
“Change for the better”
“Changed from a quiet village to a busy town”- past connections not maintained very well
77
What do killingworth questionnaire results show
Most lived through modernisation- nearly 90% think successful
Want to improve green space and not build more houses and want more local businesses- 32 people
78
What does the map of byker show
Lots of churches
Urban area
High pop
Family area
Transport links
79
What is a brownfield site?
A site that has previously been built on
80
What is regeneration
Long term upgrading of areas to bring about social and economic change
81
What is homogenisation
Cultures interlinking and process where places resemble other places more
82
What is topophilia
A love for a place
83
Wgat is topophobia
A fear of a place
84
What are examples of past connections in killingworth
Plough inn- rebuilt in1920- a pub
Killingworth arms- built out of Northumbrian farm house
85
When were the killingworth towers built
1968-72
86
What is the mean age of killingworth
40
87
What % of people are are white British
95%
88
What % of people are Christian in 2001-2011 in killingworth
79%-64%
89
What % of people in killingworth are in very good health
48%
90
How many people are economically active and in full time work in killingworth
46% . Higher than England average
91
What jobs do the majority of people do in killingworth
Wholesale/retail
92
What % of people own their homes outright/mortgage in killingworth
45%
93
What is killingworth known as and when was it developed
New town 1960s70s
94
What was killingworth like beforehand
Mining area/ derelict land
95
What theme does killingworth follow
Medieval. Central area- shops (castle)
Roads surrounding= protection
Road between lakes- drawbridge and castel
96
How is there a community spirit in killingworth
Schools naming buildings
Shops
Social clubs
97
Exogenous links in killingworth
Most residents commute to Newcastle
Near London-Edinburgh railway line
Bus station
98
What examples are there of social inequality in killingworth
12% child poverty although lower than uk average
Poorer people have been forced to live in vandalised flats
99
In 1841 how many people lived in killingworth . By 2011 how many
112 -20,000
100
When was the killingworth lakes built
1964
101
When we’re the killingworth towers demolished
1987
102
What negative perceptions were there of the killingworth towers
Crime, vandalism “colditz”
103
When was the old killingworth shopping centre demolished
1980s- 2000s new centre built
104
Who joined in 2010 in killingworth
Kfc/McDonald’s
105
What percentage of housing is owned by the council in killingworth
15%
106
What is the average house price in killingworth
£172000
107
What is the percentage of open space in killingworth
44%
108
Where is byker
Inner city ward of Newcastle
109
Describe byker in the 1960s
Terraced housing, low quality for shop workers. Little open space
110
When was the byker wall built
1971
111
Why was the byker wall built
Improve the appareance of an area, affordable, block traffic noise
112
What we’re the opinions of byker in 1960s
Everyone stuck together, helped one another
113
What happened in the 1960s in byker
3000 left
Worst inject city problems
The byker for people policy set up to discuss changes and involve residents
114
When did redevelopments start in byker and why were they necessary
1970s poor housing, houses too small for families
115
What we’re the proposals for the new development of byker in 1970s
Family orientated, free of traffic, small shipping centre
116
How did residents feel about the redevelopment of byker
60% happy/agreed
117
What % of people felt there was sense of community spirit after redevelopment in byker
60%
118
What % of shields road retail floor space was unused in 2017
19.6%
119
How many vacant shops in byker compared to previous 1980s
5 now 20
120
What is in place in byker to reduce crime rate
Collabs with Northumbria police and byker community trust - anti-social behaviour reduced by 80%
121
What was byker awarded in 2020
Award for best neighbourhood transformstion
122
What % of byker are white British
62.5%
123
What is byker like
Working class area, lots of terraced housing. Average house price £83000
124
% of houses rented in byker
76.8%
125
How many people with no qualifications and why in byker
Over half. More physical rather than academic. Due to industrial decline
126
Why are gis maps useful
Can see links between age, income , housing type due to colours
Can compare data to other places
Wide representation of place
127
Why are gis maps not useful
No insider opinions
Average score- doesn’t see variation
128
How do insider / outsider views differ for byker
Strong community l/ dump
129
How many people live in byker wall
9500
130
What was the byker wall referred to in 1982
An eyesore. Negative rep of anti social behaviour
131
How has byker pop changed
Decline in 1981- 33,000 left
Increase in 1891- 50,000 entering
132
What are advs of census data
Detailed picture of whole pop
Easy to compare different areas
133
Disadvs of census
Outdated
134
What has happened to demographics in killingworth 2001-2011 census
60-64% increase 2%. Suggests low levels of out migration.
Decrease in 3% white British
Decrease in rented housing- 9%
135
What % in full time work byker
Over 25% needed as low wages
136
Changes in 2001-2011 byker
10% decrease in white British
Manufacturing Nearly halved
