Geography Flashcards
What is the prevailing wind?
The direction of the strongest wind
What is swash?
When the wave gets pushed onto the beach
What is backwash?
When the wave exits the beach
Name the 2 types of waves
Destructive wave and constructive wave
What is hard engineering?
Structure made by man that prevent erosion
What is soft engineering?
Structures that are not harmful to nature that protect the beach from erosion.
What is an arch?
An arch was part of a headland which got eroded in the middle causing an arch to form.
What is erosion?
When waves or rocks take pieces of a mountain or beach away.
Types of erosion
Hydraulic action - the force of the river against the banks can cause air to be trapped in cracks and crevices. The pressure weakens the banks and gradually wears it away.
Abrasion - rocks carried along by the river wear down the river bed and banks.
Attrition - rocks being carried by the river smash together and break into smaller, smoother and rounder particles.
Solution - soluble particles are dissolved into the river.
Which wave has a stronger swash?
Constructive wave.
Which wave has a stronger backwash?
Destructive wave.
What is a headland?
A piece of mountain that has eroded which protects a beach from waves.
What is a spit?
Spits are also created by deposition. A spit is an extended stretch of beach material that projects out to sea and is joined to the mainland at one end. Spits are formed where the prevailing wind blows at an angle to the coastline, resulting in longshore drift.
What is abrasion?
Abrasion is the mechanical scraping of a rock surface by friction between rocks and moving particles during their transport by wind, glacier, waves, gravity, running water or erosion.
What is hydraulic action?
Hydraulic action is the erosion that occurs when the motion of water against a rock surface produces mechanical weathering. Most generally, it is the ability of moving water (flowing or waves) to dislodge and transport rock particles.
