Geography

Question 1

What are the seven key concepts in geography: SPICESS.

Answer 1

1. Space
2. Place
3. Interconnections
4. Change
5. Environment
6. Sustainability
7. Scale

Question 2

What is a landform?

Answer 2

A landform is a natural geographic feature or shape that appears on the Earth’s surface (e.g. dune, hill, valley, beach or cave).

Question 3

What is a landscape?

Answer 3

A landscape is a section of the Earth’s surface made up of a variety of geographical features (landforms) that characterise it; landscapes can be natural (e.g. coastal landscapes and mountain landscapes) or be created by humans (e.g. neighbourhoods and cities).

Question 4

What are the 4 ways landscapes are valued?

Answer 4

• Cultural value
• Spiritual value
• Aesthetic value
• Economic value

Question 5

What are the 5 physical layers of the Earth?

Answer 5

1. Lithosphere
2. Asthenosphere
3. Mesosphere
4. Outer core
5. Inner core

Question 5

What is a convergent plate boundary?

Answer 5

Plates move towards one another.

Question 6

What is a divergent plate boundary?

Answer 6

Plates move away from each other.

Question 7

what is a transform plate boundary?

Answer 7

Plates are sliding past one another.

Question 8

What are three types of mountains?

Answer 8

1. Fold mountains
2. Fault/ block mountains
3. Volcanoes

Question 9

How are fold mountains formed?

Answer 9

Upward pressure where two plates converge.

Question 10

How are fault/ block mountains formed?

Answer 10

Tectonic forces cause rocks to fracture along areas of weakness. Big blocks of rock pushed up or down.

Question 11

How are volcanic mountains formed?

Answer 11

Created when magma pushes its way from beneath the Earth to the crust.

Question 12

What is erosion?

Answer 12

The wearing away of land by waves and wind.

Question 13

What is transportation?

Answer 13

The movement of material in the sea and along the coast by waves.

Question 14

What is deposition?

Answer 14

The building up of land through deposits of sand and other material.

Question 15

What is longshore drift?

Answer 15

Longshore drift is the process that moves material in a zigzag pattern along a beach by the wash and backwash of waves approaching the shore at an angle.

Question 16

Explain the theory of plate tectonics?

Answer 16

Tectonic plates move due to the convection currents in the Asthenosphere. The hotter magma closer to the core rises, while the colder magma closer to the lithosphere falls.

Question 17

Why do earthquakes and volcanoes occur?

Answer 17

Due to the movement of tectonic plates.

Question 18

What is the difference between a subduction zone and a collision zone?

Answer 18

Subduction is when plates of different densities converge, the higher-density plate is pushed beneath the other one. Collision is when continental plates converge without subduction occurring.

Question 19

What is meant by the term ‘riverine’?

Answer 19

Relating to or situated on a river/ riverbank (e.g. waterfalls, billabongs, floodplains, river channels).

Question 20

What is meant by the term ‘karst’?

Answer 20

A landscape where the dissolving of bedrock has created sinkholes, sinking streams, etc (e.g. sinkholes, caves, springs).

Question 21

What is meant by the term ‘arid’?

Answer 21

Having little or no rain (e.g. sand dunes, badlands, dry lakes).