geography Flashcards
What is wellbeing?
Geographers define wellbeing as the ability of people to access the things they need in order to live happy,healthy and contented lives.
What are quantitative indicators of wellbeing
-Gross National Income (GNI)
-Gross Domestic product (GDP)
-Literacy and Numeracy rates
-Human development index (HDI)
-Life expectancy
What are qualitative indicators of wellbeing
-Happy planet index
-Freedom of speech
-Safety
-Sustainability
What is the Human Development Index
Developed by the United Nations, the Human Development Index (HDI) is an index that measures key dimensions of human development. The three key dimensions are:
– A long and healthy life – measured by life expectancy.
– Access to education – measured by expected years of schooling of children at school-entry age and mean years of schooling of the adult population.
– And a decent standard of living – measured by Gross National Income per capita adjusted for the price level of the country.
What is Freedom of Speech
Freedom of speech is the right for an individual or community to express any opinions without censorship or restraint and without fear of retaliation or legal sanction. Despite its name, freedom of speech is not specifically limited to verbal communication—rather, it also includes other forms of expression, such as written communication, social media posts (facebook, TikTok, YouTube), the arts (photography, stage plays, musical performances, painting, dance), personal actions (political protests, flag burning), and so on. To reflect this broader definition, freedom of speech is often referred to as freedom of expression.
What is Sustainability
Measured by the combination of most respected global indexes on pollution, climate change, policy, energy, oceans, biodiversity. Examined by policies and actions regarding environment of every nation of earth.
What is Safety
Feeling and being safe at work is an important determinant of wellbeing. Incidence of injury is used to indicate the effectiveness of safety measures and safety of the workplace. Feeling of safety and experience of crime is a determinant of wellbeing
What is Gross Domestic Product
Standard measure of value added created through the production of goods and services in a country during a certain period. Also measures income earned from that production or total amount spent on final goods and services.
What is Gross National Income
Defined as gross domestic product + net receipt s from aboard of compensation of employees, property income and net taxes less subsidies on production.
What is Life expectancy
Expressed as either the number of years a newborn baby is expected to live or the expected years of life remaining for a person at a given age, and is estimated from death rates in a population.
What are Literacy and numeracy rates
Relationship between socio-demographic characterisitcs and adult literacy num and problem-solving skills. Effect of lit and num skills have on individuals labour force participation and wage. Link between lit and social outcomes such as health, proverty, ability to care for family and participation in civic life.
What is poverty
a denial of choices and opportunities, a violation of human dignity.It means not having enough to feed and clothe a family, not having a school or clinic to go to, not having the land on which to grow one’s food or a job to earn one’s living. It means susceptibility to violence, and it often implies living in marginal or fragile environments, without access to clean water or sanitation.
What is extreme poverty?
Classification of poverty where members of a population are surviving on less than $1.90 a day.
what is Life expectancy
Average time a person is expected to live, usually measured at birth.
what are Government Organization
Government appointed group funded by government
