geography Flashcards
what is interconnection
the way things are connected with each other
what is perception
an interpretation of sensory information about places
Places
Areas on the Earth’s surface which is identified and has meaning for people.
Topological map
Are simple maps showing the interconnection between places
mental maps
Maps in our minds of places we have been and places we have only heard o
signs and codes
Assist us in understanding a place and provides clues on how to behave and what is or is not safe to do.
digital divide
the gap between those who have ready access to computers and the Internet, and those who do not.
infrastructure
The facilities, services, and installations needed for society to function
globalisation
The interaction and integration among people, companies, and governments worldwide.
Pros of Globalisation
- free trade
- cultural diffusion
- migration
cons of globalisation
- free trade
- widen rich-poor gap
- exploitation of cheap labour
- loss of cultural identity
trade
Is the exchange of goods & services
Australia’s top 10 two-way trading partners
China, Japan, Republic of Korea, United States, India, New Zealand, Singapore, United Kingdom, Thailand, Germany
Australia’s 3 most important export countries
China, Japan, Republic of Korea
Australia’s top 3 most important import countries
China, United States, Japan
export
When a good or service leaves a country/area to be traded.
import
When a good or service enters a country/area.
How trade connects us
sharing of services, relationships between countries, interaction with other countries
ICT stands for
information communication technologies
the world wide web
The global resources and information exchange available to internet users.
e-waste
Any old electrical equipment that no longer works or is no longer required.
How does the environment benefit by recycling e-waste
reduces landfill
- reduces CO2 emissions
- saves energy
- conserves raw material that are non-renewable
What can be recycled from e-waste?
- precious metals (gold, silver, copper)
- rubber
- plastic
- glass
- batteries
What does the Australian Government National Television and Computer Recycling scheme do?
Provides free e-waste recycling services throughout Australia.
locals
People that are too impoverished to ever be able to move far from where they have been born.
globals
People that have influence because of the nature of the jobs they do, and have enough wealth to be able to travel freely.
mobals
People who move from their original place of living to somewhere else, solely for a better job or a better life for their family.
barricades
Where special patrols and preventive methods are put into place to stop people from crossing over
asylum seekers
a person who left their country due to persecution and whose request for sanctuary has yet to be processed
refugee
A person who has been forced to leave their country due to persecution
features of Airbus 380
-seating capacity 853 passengers
- 72.2m long / 79.8m wing span
- double deck/showers / lounge
Shanghai Maglev train
-world’s fastest commercially operating train
- top speed 431 km/h
4 factors that lead to inequalities in accessing digital technology:
- lack of access to internet in remote and rural locations
- age (digital literacy in older demographic)
- low income households
- education (lack of resources in schools)
ways to bridge the digital divide gap
- increase digital literacy
- develop infrastructure
- government incentives
- promote innovations
continents that make up the core
Australia, North America, Eastern Europe
continents that make up the periphery
South America, Africa, Asia
3 types of data used to identify the biggest consumers
- consumption of food per person
- consumption of energy per person
- ecological footprint per person
countries that the boat people entering Australia come from
Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, Iran, Pakistan, Iraq
Operation Sovereign Boarders
a border protection operation led by the Australian Defence Force, aimed at stopping sea arrivals of asylum seekers to Australia
tariff
A tax or payment that a government places on imports or exports of a particular type of product or produce
biome
large groups of similar ecosystems. all areas in biomes have similar plants and climates.
climate
The average weather conditions in an area over a long period of time
forests
Most diverse biome with a variety of temperatures, animals and plants
desert
Driest biome with an average of 50mm of rainfall a year
grasslands
A mix between forest and desert that is dominated by grass.
tundra
Coldest biome with a limited range of plants, animals and rainfall
aquatic biomes
Freshwater or Marine
biodiversity
the variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem.
agriculture
the art and science of cultivating land for growing crops or raising livestock
food security
the disruption of food intake or eating patterns because of a lack of money and resources
malnourished
Having a diet that lacks the correct balance of proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals.
food insecurity
the state of being without reliable access to a sufficient quantity of affordable, nutritious food
climate change
a change in global or regional climate patterns
deforestation
The removal of trees faster than forests can replace themselves.
climograph
A plot of the temperature and precipitation in a particular region.
arable
describes land that can be used for growing crops
agribusiness
business set up to support, process and distribute agricultural products
extensive farms
farm that extends over a large area and requires only small inputs of labour, capital, fertiliser and pesticides
intensive farms
farm that requires a lot of inputs, such as labour, capital, fertiliser and pesticides
irrigation
the supply of water by artificial means to agricultural areas
latitude
the angular distance north or south from the equator of a point on the Earth’s surface
plantation farming
an area in which trees or other large crops have been planted for commercial purposes
ecosystem
contains living and non-living things and the interactions between them that work together to establish a balance
undernourished
someone who is not getting enough calories in their diet.
Examples of biotic factors
plants, animals, bacteria, fungi, protists
Examples of abiotic factors
water, soil, light, salinity, soil PH, wind
why are biomes different
biomes are controlled by climate and climate is influenced by factors such as landform, altitude, latitude, ocean currents, air movements and soil
what is the roles of soil in biomes
soil determines which plants and animals inhabit a particular biome
ways man modify biomes to produce food
endulating hills, salinity, climate, wind, pesticides, irrigation
Threats to food security
Water scarcity, Climate change, pollution, desertification
water scarcity
the lack of sufficient available water resources to meet the demands of water usage within a region
countries affected by water scarcity
qatar, israel, lebanon and iran
reasons for water scarcity
climate change, natural disasters, increased human consumption, and overuse and wastage of water
solutions to water scarcity
harvesting rain water, Improve Irrigation and Agriculture Water Use and recycling wasted water
