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Reddam Revision > Geography > Flashcards

Geography Flashcards

1
Q

How are igneous rocks formed

A

from molten rock

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2
Q

How are sedimentary rocks formed

A

From eroded sediment or plant or animal remains

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3
Q

How are metamorphic rocks formed

A

Changed by heat and pressure into a different rock

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4
Q

Do the crystals inside rock grow more or less when the magma cools fast

A

Less

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5
Q

Which rocks form from plant or animal remains

A

Sedimentary

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6
Q

What is development

A

A process that creates growth, positive progress or the addition of physical, economic, environmental, social and demographic components

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7
Q

What factors can be used to measure development

A

Birth rate, Death rate, infant mortality, GDP per capita, These methods have limitations and should be used in conjunction with eachother

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8
Q

What is HDI

A

A composite score that can be used instead of individual indicators

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9
Q

A level of development of a country needs to be judged on what

A

Social, Economic and environmental factors

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10
Q

How can countries be catagorised into groups

A

Depending on their level of income. Their are levels 1, 2, 3 and 4 or HIC’s LIC’s and NEE’s

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11
Q

What are the reasons for development gap - PEH

A

Physical causes of uneven development include climate, natural resource curse theory, and being landlocked. Economic causes include the cycle of poverty and global trading systems. Historical causes can be exampled by colonialism.

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12
Q

What are ways to close the development gap

A

Bottom up schemes

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13
Q

There is a geological timescale. How has this affected the UK

A

The UK has been in different positions during this time. This has affected the rock types

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14
Q

what do different rock types in a region affect

A

The relief due to weathering

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15
Q

The UK has distinctive landscapes of what three rocks

A

Granite Limestone and chalk

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16
Q

What is the definition of development

A

Development is any improvement in the standard of living of people in a specific country. Social and economic indicators are used to measure a country’s level of development.

17
Q

What are the three basic aspects of human development?

A

Health, Knowledge & standard of living

18
Q

What are choropleth maps used for in Geography

A

they use colour to show how data changes from place to place

19
Q

What are distribution maps used for in Geography

A

used to represent the distribution of particular geographic elements within a given region

20
Q

What do contour lines on an OS map tell us

A

how high the ground is and how the slope changes

21
Q

How do you identify a floodplain on an OS map

A

They are flat and have few contour lines that are widely spaced

22
Q

what are fold mountains

A

large mountain ranges where rock layers have been crumpled as they have been forced together

23
Q

What is the mantle

A

a layer of the earth, that is dense and mostly solid between the outer core and crust, 1000-3700 Degrees C

24
Q

What is a composite volcano

A

a steep-sided volcano that is made up of a variety of materials, such as lava and ash (it is the result of violent eruptions at destructive-subduction margins)​

25
Q

what is lava

A

the name given to magma when it erupts at the surface

26
Q

What is a vent

A

The opening in the volcano where magma is emitted

27
Q

What is pyroclastic flow

A

a fast-flowing cloud of red-hot gases, cinders and ash erupted from a volcano

28
Q

What happens in a conservative plate boundary

A

a plate is slipping past another plate, pressure builds if the plates get stuck, then the plate jolts and releases energy as an earthquake​

29
Q

What is a plate margin

A

where two plates meet

30
Q

What is lahar

A

these secondary effects of a volcanic eruption are mudflows resulting from ash mixing with melting ice or water​

31
Q

what is the crust

A

the shell or skin of the earth​

32
Q

What is magma

A

molten rock in the mantle

33
Q

What are convection currents

A

The circular currents of heat in the mantle

34
Q

What happens in a destructive subduction plate boundary

A

where an oceanic plate collides with a continental plate. As a result, the oceanic plate subducts under the continental plate​

35
Q

What is an ocean trench

A

deep sections of the ocean, usually found at a destructive-subduction margin where an oceanic plate is sinking below a continental plate

36
Q

What happens at a constructive plate boundary

A

Two plates move apart from each other due to convection currents and volcanoes can form

37
Q

What happens in a collision plate boundary

A

when two plates collide and neither of them subduct so they rise to form fold mountains

Reddam Revision (9 decks)

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