Geog 1 - Population - Vital rates

Question 1

Birth rate

Answer 1

The number of births in a year - expressed as a rate per 1000 population

Question 2

Birth rate calculation

Answer 2

Divide the total number of births in a tear by the population and multiply by 1000

Question 3

Death rate

Answer 3

The number of deaths in a year - expressed as a rate per 1000 population

Question 4

Death rate calculation

Answer 4

Divide total number of deaths in a year by the population and multiply by 1000

Question 5

Rate of natural increase

Answer 5

The number of people in a year by which a population increases or decreases - expressed as a rate per 1000 of population.

Question 6

Rate of natural increase calculation

Answer 6

Subtract death rate from birth rate. The result is a rate per 1000 can be turned into a percentage by dividing by 10.

Question 7

Doubling time

Answer 7

The time it takes for a population to double

Question 8

Infant mortality rate

Answer 8

The number of deaths of infants (before first birthday) in a year - expressed as a rate per 1000 live births

Question 9

Infant mortality rate calculation

Answer 9

Divide annual number of deaths of infants aged up to 1 by the number of love births and multiply by 1000

Question 10

Life expectancy

Answer 10

The number of years that a person in a given population can expect to live - usually expressed ‘at birth’. Often broken down by gender as women tend to live longer then men.

Question 11

Dependency ratio

Answer 11

Is the proportion of the proportion of the population not in work. (i.e. children aged under 16 and retired people aged 65 and older) who are dependent on those in work (people aged 16 - 64). Normally expressed as a percentage.

Question 12

Dependency ratio calculated

Answer 12

A) Calculate the percentage of the population aged under 16 and over 64 (the dependents)
B) Calculate the total percentage of those in work, i.e. 16 - 64
C) Divide (B) into (A) and multiply by 100 to get a percentage

Question 13

Fertility rate

Answer 13

The average number of children expected to be born to a woman over her lifetime - assuming that she survives from birth through to the end of her reproductive life. In the UK the average is 1.66 but Afghanistan is 5.5

Question 14

Replacement level

Answer 14

The number of children needed per couple to maintain a population size. It is normally judged to be 2.1 - to allow for deaths early in life.