Geog 1 - Population - Migration policy in Australia Flashcards
1
Q
Area and population
A
- 7.6 million square kilometres
- 6th largest
- 21.5 million population 2010
2
Q
Economy
A
- GDP per capita (PPP) in 2009, US$ 38,800
- Avoided the financial crisis
- Iron ore and food
3
Q
Life expectancy
A
- High life expectancy
- 81.7
4
Q
Infant mortality rate
A
- Low
- 4.67 per 1000
5
Q
Birth rate
A
- High from MEDC
- 12.39 per 1000
6
Q
Death rate
A
- Low
- 64.74 per 1000
7
Q
Fertility rate
A
- Increasing
- 1.78
- Well below replacement level
8
Q
Population growth
A
- 1.3% per year
- Expected to double in 40 years
- Half due to immigrants
9
Q
Aims of the immigration policy
A
- To increase Australia’s pool of skilled and professional people.
- Fill gap left by 60,000 well-qualified young people that leave each year.
10
Q
Until the 1970s (Phase 1)
A
- Assisted passages - encourage young families.
- 1950s to 1970s, 1 million British citizens emigrated to Aus for just £10 a family. (Ten pound passage)
11
Q
Since the 1970s (Phase 2)
A
- Skills - based migration - prospective immigrants had to pass tests on:
- Employment (match skill shortages)
- Educational qualifications (degree)
- Age (under 30)
- Ability to speak English.
12
Q
Arguments against increasing population
A
- How many people can Australia support
- Drought
- Water shortages
