GENV final

Question 1

Three characteristics of underdeveloped countries

Answer 1

-low income
-widespread poverty
- lots of debt

Question 2

Emmanuel Sieyes

Answer 2

• initiated model of society called “What is the Third Easter” which became manifesto for French Revolution

Question 3

Who created the term “third world” and what was it meaning?

Answer 3

Alfred Sauvy, differences in ideological and political views

Question 4

When did “underdeveloped” gain socioeconomic status?

Answer 4

20th C

Question 5

What occurred in the Cold War period?

Answer 5

world divided into 2 sides (East and West), differing ideological views. Countries that didn’t fit in became “Third World” and created NAM (non-aligned movement)

Question 6

Why does “Third World” not exist anymore?

Answer 6

• fall of communism
• fall of Berlin Wall

Question 7

How are Global South countries transforming?

Answer 7

Due to oil crisis and foreign direct investments

Question 8

LDC

Answer 8

Least developed countries - Asia, Africa, Pacific, Caribbean

Question 9

5 earliest cities

Answer 9

1. City of Mohenjo-Daro
2. City og Teotihuacan
3. City of Machu Picchu
4. City of Tenochtitlan
5. City of Cairo, Egypt

Question 10

Definition of imperialism

Answer 10

a strong country extends control over another country

Question 11

Definition of colonialism

Answer 11

political, economic, social and cultural domination over territory and people

Question 12

What are the 6 stages of Colonial Urbanization?

Answer 12

1. Mercantile Colonialism: limited colonial presence in pre-existing settlements
2. Transitional period: reduced European interest investment overseas
3. Industrial Colonialism: rapid growth of Europes need for materials
4. Late Colonialism: increased colonialism lead to primary product demand
5. Neocolonialism: capitalists dominate
6. New International Division of Labor: multinational corporations increasing social polarization

Question 13

What is the “urban model”?

Answer 13

an idealized, simplified and structured representation of the world

Question 14

What is “urban morphology”?

Answer 14

study of spatial structure, function, and character if urban settlements and the process of their formation and transformation

Question 15

3 principles of Latin American settlements

Answer 15

1. rectangualr plaza
2. grid pattern
3. spatial separation between Spanish and “sinful Indians”

Question 16

6 models of African cities

Answer 16

1. The Indigenous City,
2. The Islamic City,
3. The Colonial (administrative) City,
4. The European City,
5. The Dual City, and
6. The Hybrid City

Question 17

The Indigenous City (Africa)

Answer 17

prior to European colonization, Indigenous land

Question 18

The Islamic City (Africa)

Answer 18

cities served as religious centres
3 planning principles: natural, religious, and social

Question 19

The Colonial City (Africa)

Answer 19

mainly built by Europeans
main points of contact between natives and Europeans
British established housing regimes

Question 20

The European City (Africa)

Answer 20

cities built by and for Europeans

Question 21

The Dual City (Africa)

Answer 21

combo of 2 or more city types

Question 22

The Hybrid City (Africa)

Answer 22

integrating indigenous in all parts of the city