Genomes to Ecosystems Introduction

Question 1

shallow water ecosystems are mainly distributed where

Answer 1

around the tropics

Question 2

what percentage of algal nutrients are used by coral

Answer 2

90%

Question 3

under stressful conditions what does algae produce

Answer 3

clouds of reactive oxygen species
(coral will then kick this out under stressful conditions causing bleaching)

Question 4

give 4 environmental stressors that can cause coral bleaching

Answer 4

-sea surface temperature increase: CO2 emissions and climate change
-increased solar irradiance: ozone depletion
-silt deposition: deforestation
-prey overabundance: overfishing

Question 5

Give 6 ecosystem services that can provide monetisation

Answer 5

-habitat for fishery
-tourism
-coastal protection
-biodiversity
-medicine/drug discovery
-carbon sinks

Question 6

too much CO2 in the air causes a buildup of what in water

Answer 6

bicarbonate since it dissolves

Question 7

what is coral bleaching caused by

Answer 7

the spitting out of the symbiont since there is too much energy creating reactive oxygen molecules

Question 8

corals have evolved facultative endosymbiosis with zooxanthellae dinoflagellate algae to provide what

Answer 8

vital additional nutrients