genome evolution

Question 1

DEFINE: paralogues

Answer 1

new copies of genes that arise in the genome

Question 2

how could the duplication of a chromosome or region of chromosome lead to a new gene?

Answer 2

1. after duplication by changes in ploidy or , genes are redundant
2. structural change in extra copy or change in spatiotemporal pattern of expression

Question 3

how can genes change their pattern of expression?

Answer 3

• cis changes = changes in regulatory sequences of gene
• ## non-homologous recombination between 2 chromosomes bringing a new enhancer close to the gene

Question 4

how do crustaceans have legs on their abdomen and insects do not?

Answer 4

crustacean ubx has an anti-repression motif lost in insects
so crustacean ubx is not a repressor of dlx
but insect ubx evolved to repress dlx