Genome editing techniques Flashcards
What is non-homologous end joining?
A DNA repair mechanism that repairs double strand breaks in DNA.
How can non-homologous end joining be used for genome editing?
It can be hijacked to fix sequences together
What is zinc finger?
Fusion of a zinc finger binding domain and a DNA cleavage domain, forming an artificial restriction enzyme.
How can zinc fingers be used to edit the genome?
Engineer precise fingers to cleave at certain sites, then use the cellular repair machinery to edit sequences
What are TALENs?
Artificial restriction enzymes called transcription activator-like effector nucleases.
How are TALENs created?
Fusion of a TAL (transcription activator-like) effector DNA binding domain to a DNA cleavage domain
Why are TALENs so useful?
TALs can be engineered to bind to any desired DNA sequence.
What is a CRISPR?
A clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeat, i.e. DNA loci with short repetitions of base sequences.
What do CRISPRs do in conjunction with guide RNA?
Can cut an organism’s genome in any desired location.
