genome Flashcards
1
Q
A genome contains all the genetic material for
an organism.
A
- This genetic material is made up of nucleotides.
- The nucleotides get strung up into DNA.
- Long stretches of DNA make up chromosomes.
- All the chromosomes together make up the genome.
2
Q
DNA consists of four
nucleotides :
RNA consists of 5 nucleotides:
A
DNA: adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
RNA: adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine, Uracil
3
Q
The nucleotides get strung up into DNA.
A
One molecule of DNA consists of two strands of DNA, which pair up with each other to form a double helix. In cells, DNA almost always exists as a double-stranded helix.
4
Q
Remember: the nucleotides pair up with each other to form base pairs
A
A always pairs up with T. G always pairs up with C.
These base pairs are held together by hydrogen bonds.
5
Q
Long stretches of DNA make up chromosomes
A
One very long double-stranded length of DNA gets wrapped up with proteins to make a single chromosome.
