Genes Having Two Kind Of Parts Flashcards
- The parts of the gene that determine when and where the gene is made into protein. Or in other words..
When the gene is expressed, or, in other words, when the gene is turned on and made into mRNA and then protein
- The parts of the gene that determine what the protein looks like. Or in other words
The parts of the gene that tell you the proteins amino acid sequence
- The part of the gene that determines when and where the gene is made into protein
Promoter
Silencer and enhancer
Untranslated regions
Sometimes introns
- The part of the gene that determines what the protein looks like
•exons
- the Exons include the start and stop codons
- another terms you should know: the open reading frame is the section of the gene that is in-between the start and the stop codon
The promoter is made up of
DNA
The promoter is typically _____ - ____ __
short - 1000 bp
Every gene has 1 ________
promoter
The promoter is typically very close to the _____ of the _____ ____.
start, first exon
The promoter binds a protein called _________
RNA Polymerase
When ___ __________ binds to the promoter, _________ starts
RNA Polymerase, transcription
____________ are parts of the gene that determine when and where the gene is expressed
promoter; enhacers and silencers; untranslated regions; introns
depending on if the enhancers and silencers are bound, the ________________________________
gene will either be on or off
enhancers are stretches of DNA that bind proteins called ________
Activators
silencers are stretches of DNA that bind proteins called ________
repressors
Each gene has two untranslated regions
The 5’ is at the start of the gene
The 3’ is at the end of the gene
The untranslated regions are …..
- on either end of the opening frame
- thought to regulate when and where the gene is turned on
- transcribed but not translated
some genes have ___ introns. while others have ____
No introns; 100’s
introns are _________ but not _______
transcribed; but not translated
exons are part of the gene that codes for
proteins
genes can be made up of ___ exons or ____ exons
1 or 100’s
Start codon is where translation starts
It is ATG (DNA) or AUG (RNA)
• It is the first codon on the first exon
• Start codons are transcribed and translated
Stop codon is where translation stops
- It is either TAA, TAG, and TGA (DNA) or UAA, UAG, and UGA (RNA)
- It is the last codon on the last exon
- Stop codons are transcribed but NOT translated
The open reading frame is all the DNA between the start and stop
codon
It is where translation can occur
