Genitourinary

Question 1

Wilms Tumor

Answer 1

Hemihypertrophy of one kidney due to increased vascular demands.
Highly associated with aniridia**
Signs constipation. Complains of abdo pain, N&V.

Question 2

Hydrocele

Answer 2

Painless, swollen fluid-filled sac along spermatic cords.
Usually resolves in 6/12
Must differentiate from inguinal hernia

Question 3

Varicocele

Answer 3

Varicose vein in scrotal veins. Causes swelling ofpampiniform plexus and increased presure. Dull ache and scrotal heaviness. “Bag of worms”.
USS scrotal sac <2mm.
Tx if delayed testicular growth or testicular atrophy

Question 4

Cryptorchidism

Answer 4

Testicle usu found in inguinal canal (90%)

Orchiplexy after 1 yr to avoid sterility

Question 5

Epispadias associations

Answer 5

Highly associated with urinary incontinence

Question 6

Hypospadias associations

Answer 6

Associated with cryptorchidism, inguinal hernias

Question 7

RFs-UTIs

Answer 7

Female
Infrequent voiding (bladder enlargement)
Vulvitis
Incomplete micturition
Constipation
Neuropathic bladder
Vesicoureteric reflux
Posterior urethral valve (boys)