Genital Ulcer Dksease Flashcards

1
Q

herpes simplex virus (HSV)

A
  • multiple painful genital ulcers (with a characteristic erythematous base), dysuria (likely due to irritation from the ulcers), tender lymphadenopathy (common with primary genital HSV infection), and systemic symptoms (fever, headache) in the setting of having a new sexual partner
  • characteristic vesicles are often absent.
    can be diagnosed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), direct fluorescence antibody, viral culture (low sensitivity), or Tzanck smear (showing multinucleated giant cells).

Acyclovir is a guanosine chain analog that inhibits multiplication of herpes simplex virus, a double-stranded DNA virus.

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2
Q

syphilis

A
  • gram negative spirochete Treponema pallidum
  • Single, painless ulcer at inoculation site with heaped-up borders & clean base followed by a rash and systemic symptoms
  • Diagnostic tests: VDRL/RPR,
    Dark-field microscopy
  • treated with penicillin, a bactericidal β-lactam antibiotic that works by inhibiting cell wall synthesis.
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3
Q

Gonorrhea, caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae

A
  • common cause of urethritis, cervicitis, and pelvic inflammatory disease in sexually active females.
  • Gram stain can reveal gram-negative diplococci
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4
Q

Chancroid (due to Haemophilus ducreyi)

A
  • Deep, purulent, painful ulcers with matted/suppurative lymphadenitis
  • presents with purulent ulcers with “ragged” borders and suppurative
    lymphadenopathy.
  • Gram stain may occasionally reveal gram-negative rods in a “school of fish” chain.
  • Gram stain & culture
    PCR
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5
Q

Klebsiella granulomatis

A

Painless, progressive, red serpiginous ulcerative lesions without lymphadenopathy
- Gram stain & culture (difficult)
Biopsy (Donovan bodies)

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