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Special Populations > Genital Disease and STI > Flashcards

Genital Disease and STI Flashcards

1
Q

How to extinguish a vaginal hemorrhage

A

Treat vaginal hemorrhage as you would any hemorrhage

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2
Q

Most common mistake when it comes to vaginal hemorrhage

A

Not taking bleeding seriously

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3
Q

Assessment for Gynecologic trauma

A
  • Depends largely on MOI
  • Assess for hypovolemic shock
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4
Q

Management for Gynecologic Trauma

A
  • Estimate accurate blood loss (mentrual pads, tampons, blue pads, etc.)
  • Keeping large clots for hospital assessment
  • Two large bore IVs
  • Patient position
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5
Q

Flow lasts longer than normal or is excessive

A

Hypermenorrhea

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6
Q

Flow occurs more often than a 24 day interval

A

Polymenorrhea

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7
Q

Flow or intermittent spotting occurring irregularly but frequently

A

Metrorrhagia

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8
Q

Painful menses

A

Dysmenorrhea

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9
Q

Occurs with the start of the mentrual flow, lasting 1-2 days

A

Primary Dysmenorrhea

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10
Q

Present before, during, and after the menstrual flow

A

Secondary Dysmenorrhea

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11
Q

Life threatening gynecologic emergencies

A
  • Ectopic pregnancy
  • Ruptured ovarian cyst
  • Tubo-ovarian abscess
  • Ovarian Torsion
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12
Q

A fertilized oocyte is implanted somewhere other than the uterus

A

Ectopic Pregnancy

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13
Q

What are the dangers of an Ectopic Pregnancy

A

The embryo runs out of room, causing tube to rupture, resulting in deadly bleed

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14
Q

Assessment for Ectopic Pregnancy

A
  • Chief complaint of abdominal pain (generally localized to one side, crampy and intermittent in early stages)
  • Vaginal bleeding usually begins after pain
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15
Q

Fluid-filled can on or within and ovary

A

Ovarian Cyst

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16
Q

The most common type of cyst, usually develops during the menstrual cycle

A

Functional Cyst

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17
Q

A sac that fails to break open once the egg matures

A

Follicular Cyst

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18
Q

Cyst develops if the sac seals itself after release of the oocyte, fluid accumulates inside causing it to grow

A

Corpus Luteum

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19
Q

Sacs of formational tissue (teeth, hair, etc.), tend to be large and painful

A

Dermoid Cyst

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20
Q

Mucous filled cysts on ovaries

A

Cystadenomas

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21
Q

A blood vessel bursts in cyst wall, blood accumulates in sac, if ruptured blood spills into abdominal cavity resulting in great pain

A

Hemorrhagic Cyst

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22
Q

Assessment for patient with an ovarian cyst

A
  • Dull, achy pain in the lower back and thighs
  • Abdominal pain or pressure
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Breast tenderness
  • Abnormal bleeding and painful menstruation
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23
Q

Assessment for patient with a ruptured ovarian cyst

A
  • Lower abdominal pain (sharp)
  • Abdominal distension and tenderness
  • Dizziness
  • Weakness
  • Syncopal episode
24
Q

Occurs when a cyst does not self-resolve and grows to a significant size (approx. 10 cm)

A

Ovarian Torsion

25
Q

Signs/Symptoms if Ovarian Torsion

A
  • Sudden onset of severe lower abdominal pain on effected side
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Tachycardia
  • Tachypnea
26
Q

When the uterine tubes or ovaries become blocked by an infectious mass

A

Tubo-Ovarian Abscess

27
Q

Signs/Symptoms of Tubo-ovarian Abscess

A
  • Severe abdominal pain
  • Guarding and rebound tenderness
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Abdominal distension
  • Fever
28
Q

Management for Ovarian Cyst, Ovarian Torsion, Tubo-Ovarian Abscess, and Hemorrhage/Sepsis

A

Treat all 4 the same
- Start 2 large bore IV’s for pain medications and shock
- Administer antiemetic if needed

29
Q

Uterus drops from normal position due to a woman’s pelvic floor muscles, tissues and ligaments weaken and stretch

A

Prolapsed Uterus

30
Q

Assessment for Prolapsed Uterus

A
  • Vaginal and pelvic pain or lower back pain
  • Pelvic pressure
  • Dysuria
  • Incontinence
  • Discharge
31
Q

Management for Prolapsed Uterus

A
  • IV
  • Pain management
  • Treatment for shock
  • Care for any tissue or the uterus itself
  • DO NOT REPLACE ANY TISSUE, COVER WITH MOIST STERILE DRESSING
32
Q

The lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus, most commonly on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, bowel, and lining of the pelvis

A

Endometriosis

33
Q

Inflammation of the endometrium

A

Endometritis

34
Q

Endometriosis Assessment

A
  • Deep, stabbing pelvic or lower back pain
  • Dysmenorrhea
  • Vary heavy menstrual period
  • Bleeding between periods
  • Fatigue
  • May have painful intercourse
    May have painful bowel movement or dysuria
35
Q

A rare, life-threatening, illness that happens suddenly after an infection

A

Toxic Shock Syndrome

36
Q

Toxic Shock Syndrome Assessment

A
  • Fever, flu like symptoms
  • Headache
  • ALOC
  • Hypotension
  • Myalgia
  • Diarrhea and/or vomiting
  • Vaginal discharge
  • Deep red rash (like sunburn) especially on palms and soles of feet or armpits and groin
37
Q

Management for Toxic Shock Syndrome

A
  • Supportive care
  • IV fluids
  • Fever management
  • O2 therapy
38
Q
A
39
Q

Breast inflammation caused by an infection or blocked milk ducts. It more commonly occurs in breastfeeding women, but can be found in man and children

A

Mastitis

40
Q

Mastitis Assessment

A
  • Cracked sore nipples
  • Redness/ hot to touch
  • Pain
  • Swelling/lumps
  • Fever/ flu like symptoms
  • Discharge
  • Sepsis
41
Q

Mastitis Management

A
  • Continue to breastfeed/pump, sudden weening of infant will worsen tissue, start feeding on infected side first
  • Drain milk completely
  • Warm moist compress
  • Massage area from infected are to infected nipple
  • Antipyretic
  • Analgesia
  • IV
42
Q

A rotation of one or both testicles, twisting the spermatic cord that brings blood to the sacrum, generally severe pain and swelling in the affected testicle(s)

A

Testicular Torsion

43
Q

Common causes of Testicular Torsion

A
  • Age (most common in 12-18 year olds)
  • Trauma/manual causes
  • Sleeping
  • Ball Clapper Deformity (no connective tissue)
44
Q

Testicular Torsion Assessment

A
  • Dizziness
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Lumps in the scrotal area
  • Blood in semen
  • PAIN- Sudden onset, generally severe
  • SWELLING- Can be one or both testicles
45
Q

Testicular Torsion Management

A

Ultimately involves surgery

46
Q

Enlargement of the prostate gland due to a non-cancerous overgrowth of cells (hyperplasia)

A

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)

47
Q

Assessment for BPH

A
  • Dysuria
  • Hematuria
  • Incontinence
  • Inability to empty bladder
  • Pelvic pain
  • On medication called Flomax
48
Q

Management of BPH

A
  • Supportive care
  • Analgesia
49
Q

Infection of female upper reproductive organs

A

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

50
Q

complication of PID

A

Increased risk of ectopic pregnancy and infertility. Long-term infection may cause scarring/irreversible changes

51
Q

PID Assessment

A
  • Diffuse lower abdominal pain, rebound tenderness and guarding
  • Profuse yellowish vaginal discharge
  • Low grade fever/malaise
  • May experience painful intercourse or urination
  • Irregular menstruation
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Walk with shuffle gain (due to pain)
52
Q

PID Management

A
  • Support care
  • Analgesia
  • Antipyretic
53
Q

A unique bacteria infecting host cells and spreads rapidly if left untreated

A

Chlamydia

54
Q

Chlamydia Assessment

A
  • Genital pain and discharge
  • Painful urination
  • Irregular menstruation
  • lower abdominal pain and/or rectal pain
  • Itching or burning around vagina
  • Swollen or painful testicles
  • Abnormal discharge
55
Q

Inflammation of the urethra and genital tract, caused by bacteria neisseria gonnorrheae or gonnococcus

A

Gonorrhea

56
Q

Gonorrhea Assessment

A
  • Fever
  • Nausea/vomiting
  • Discharge from either the penis or vagina that is a yellowish green or white in colour
  • burning sensation while urinating
  • Conjuctivitis
  • Sore throat
  • Abdominal and pelvic pain, distension, guarding
  • Swelling and redness of thje opening of the penis
  • Swollen testicles or vagina itching
  • Pain during intercourse
57
Q

Can lie dormant for many years (can be as long as 50 years) before presenting symptoms again

A

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