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Special Populations > Genital Disease and STI > Flashcards

Genital Disease and STI Flashcards

1
Q

How to extinguish a vaginal hemorrhage

A

Treat vaginal hemorrhage as you would any hemorrhage

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2
Q

Most common mistake when it comes to vaginal hemorrhage

A

Not taking bleeding seriously

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3
Q

Assessment for Gynecologic trauma

A
  • Depends largely on MOI
  • Assess for hypovolemic shock
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4
Q

Management for Gynecologic Trauma

A
  • Estimate accurate blood loss (mentrual pads, tampons, blue pads, etc.)
  • Keeping large clots for hospital assessment
  • Two large bore IVs
  • Patient position
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5
Q

Flow lasts longer than normal or is excessive

A

Hypermenorrhea

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6
Q

Flow occurs more often than a 24 day interval

A

Polymenorrhea

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7
Q

Flow or intermittent spotting occurring irregularly but frequently

A

Metrorrhagia

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8
Q

Painful menses

A

Dysmenorrhea

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9
Q

Occurs with the start of the mentrual flow, lasting 1-2 days

A

Primary Dysmenorrhea

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10
Q

Present before, during, and after the menstrual flow

A

Secondary Dysmenorrhea

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11
Q

Life threatening gynecologic emergencies

A
  • Ectopic pregnancy
  • Ruptured ovarian cyst
  • Tubo-ovarian abscess
  • Ovarian Torsion
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12
Q

A fertilized oocyte is implanted somewhere other than the uterus

A

Ectopic Pregnancy

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13
Q

What are the dangers of an Ectopic Pregnancy

A

The embryo runs out of room, causing tube to rupture, resulting in deadly bleed

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14
Q

Assessment for Ectopic Pregnancy

A
  • Chief complaint of abdominal pain (generally localized to one side, crampy and intermittent in early stages)
  • Vaginal bleeding usually begins after pain
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15
Q

Fluid-filled can on or within and ovary

A

Ovarian Cyst

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16
Q

The most common type of cyst, usually develops during the menstrual cycle

A

Functional Cyst

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17
Q

A sac that fails to break open once the egg matures

A

Follicular Cyst

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18
Q

Cyst develops if the sac seals itself after release of the oocyte, fluid accumulates inside causing it to grow

A

Corpus Luteum

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19
Q

Sacs of formational tissue (teeth, hair, etc.), tend to be large and painful

A

Dermoid Cyst

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20
Q

Mucous filled cysts on ovaries

A

Cystadenomas

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21
Q

A blood vessel bursts in cyst wall, blood accumulates in sac, if ruptured blood spills into abdominal cavity resulting in great pain

A

Hemorrhagic Cyst

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22
Q

Assessment for patient with an ovarian cyst

A
  • Dull, achy pain in the lower back and thighs
  • Abdominal pain or pressure
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Breast tenderness
  • Abnormal bleeding and painful menstruation
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23
Q

Assessment for patient with a ruptured ovarian cyst

A
  • Lower abdominal pain (sharp)
  • Abdominal distension and tenderness
  • Dizziness
  • Weakness
  • Syncopal episode
24
Q

Occurs when a cyst does not self-resolve and grows to a significant size (approx. 10 cm)

A

Ovarian Torsion

25
Signs/Symptoms if Ovarian Torsion
- Sudden onset of severe lower abdominal pain on effected side - Nausea and vomiting - Tachycardia - Tachypnea
26
When the uterine tubes or ovaries become blocked by an infectious mass
Tubo-Ovarian Abscess
27
Signs/Symptoms of Tubo-ovarian Abscess
- Severe abdominal pain - Guarding and rebound tenderness - Nausea and vomiting - Abdominal distension - Fever
28
Management for Ovarian Cyst, Ovarian Torsion, Tubo-Ovarian Abscess, and Hemorrhage/Sepsis
Treat all 4 the same - Start 2 large bore IV's for pain medications and shock - Administer antiemetic if needed
29
Uterus drops from normal position due to a woman's pelvic floor muscles, tissues and ligaments weaken and stretch
Prolapsed Uterus
30
Assessment for Prolapsed Uterus
- Vaginal and pelvic pain or lower back pain - Pelvic pressure - Dysuria - Incontinence - Discharge
31
Management for Prolapsed Uterus
- IV - Pain management - Treatment for shock - Care for any tissue or the uterus itself - DO NOT REPLACE ANY TISSUE, COVER WITH MOIST STERILE DRESSING
32
The lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus, most commonly on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, bowel, and lining of the pelvis
Endometriosis
33
Inflammation of the endometrium
Endometritis
34
Endometriosis Assessment
- Deep, stabbing pelvic or lower back pain - Dysmenorrhea - Vary heavy menstrual period - Bleeding between periods - Fatigue - May have painful intercourse May have painful bowel movement or dysuria
35
A rare, life-threatening, illness that happens suddenly after an infection
Toxic Shock Syndrome
36
Toxic Shock Syndrome Assessment
- Fever, flu like symptoms - Headache - ALOC - Hypotension - Myalgia - Diarrhea and/or vomiting - Vaginal discharge - Deep red rash (like sunburn) especially on palms and soles of feet or armpits and groin
37
Management for Toxic Shock Syndrome
- Supportive care - IV fluids - Fever management - O2 therapy
38
39
Breast inflammation caused by an infection or blocked milk ducts. It more commonly occurs in breastfeeding women, but can be found in man and children
Mastitis
40
Mastitis Assessment
- Cracked sore nipples - Redness/ hot to touch - Pain - Swelling/lumps - Fever/ flu like symptoms - Discharge - Sepsis
41
Mastitis Management
- Continue to breastfeed/pump, sudden weening of infant will worsen tissue, start feeding on infected side first - Drain milk completely - Warm moist compress - Massage area from infected are to infected nipple - Antipyretic - Analgesia - IV
42
A rotation of one or both testicles, twisting the spermatic cord that brings blood to the sacrum, generally severe pain and swelling in the affected testicle(s)
Testicular Torsion
43
Common causes of Testicular Torsion
- Age (most common in 12-18 year olds) - Trauma/manual causes - Sleeping - Ball Clapper Deformity (no connective tissue)
44
Testicular Torsion Assessment
- Dizziness - Nausea - Vomiting - Lumps in the scrotal area - Blood in semen - PAIN- Sudden onset, generally severe - SWELLING- Can be one or both testicles
45
Testicular Torsion Management
Ultimately involves surgery
46
Enlargement of the prostate gland due to a non-cancerous overgrowth of cells (hyperplasia)
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
47
Assessment for BPH
- Dysuria - Hematuria - Incontinence - Inability to empty bladder - Pelvic pain - On medication called Flomax
48
Management of BPH
- Supportive care - Analgesia
49
Infection of female upper reproductive organs
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
50
complication of PID
Increased risk of ectopic pregnancy and infertility. Long-term infection may cause scarring/irreversible changes
51
PID Assessment
- Diffuse lower abdominal pain, rebound tenderness and guarding - Profuse yellowish vaginal discharge - Low grade fever/malaise - May experience painful intercourse or urination - Irregular menstruation - Nausea and vomiting - Walk with shuffle gain (due to pain)
52
PID Management
- Support care - Analgesia - Antipyretic
53
A unique bacteria infecting host cells and spreads rapidly if left untreated
Chlamydia
54
Chlamydia Assessment
- Genital pain and discharge - Painful urination - Irregular menstruation - lower abdominal pain and/or rectal pain - Itching or burning around vagina - Swollen or painful testicles - Abnormal discharge
55
Inflammation of the urethra and genital tract, caused by bacteria neisseria gonnorrheae or gonnococcus
Gonorrhea
56
Gonorrhea Assessment
- Fever - Nausea/vomiting - Discharge from either the penis or vagina that is a yellowish green or white in colour - burning sensation while urinating - Conjuctivitis - Sore throat - Abdominal and pelvic pain, distension, guarding - Swelling and redness of thje opening of the penis - Swollen testicles or vagina itching - Pain during intercourse
57
Can lie dormant for many years (can be as long as 50 years) before presenting symptoms again
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